kungani i-nitrogen eyi-liquid isetshenziswa ku-cryopreservation?
1. Kungani kufanele usebenzise i-nitrogen ewuketshezi njengesiqandisi?
1. Ngoba izinga lokushisai-nitrogen ewuketsheziyona ngokwayo iphansi kakhulu, kodwa imvelo yayo imnene kakhulu, futhi kunzima ukuthi i-nitrogen ewuketshezi ibhekane nokusabela kwamakhemikhali, ngakho ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesiqandisi.
2.I-nitrogen ewuketsheziliyahwamuka ukuze limunce ukushisa, lehlise izinga lokushisa, futhi lingasetshenziswa njengesiqandisi.
3. Ngokuvamile, i-ammonia isetshenziswa njengesiqandisi namanzi njengokumunca.
4. Igesi ye-ammonia ipholiswa yi-condenser ukuze ibe yi-ammonia ewuketshezi, bese i-ammonia ewuketshezi ingena ku-evaporator ukuze ihwamuke, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo imunca ukushisa okuvela ngaphandle ukuze kufezwe injongo yesiqandisi, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe ukumuncwa kwe-diffusion eqhubekayo. umjikelezo.
5. I-nitrogen ingasetshenziswa njengesiqandisi ezimeni "ze-cryogenic", okungukuthi, eduze kwama-degrees angu-0 ngokuphelele (-273.15 degrees Celsius), futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ezindaweni zokucwaninga ukuze kufundwe i-superconductivity.
6. Kwezokwelapha, i-nitrogen ewuketshezi ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesiqandisi ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi ngaphansi kwe-cryanesthesia.
7. Emkhakheni we-high-tech, i-nitrogen eyi-liquid ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukudala indawo enezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Isibonelo, ezinye izinto ze-superconducting zithola kuphela izakhiwo ze-superconducting emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngemva kokuphathwa nge-nitrogen ewuketshezi.
8. Izinga lokushisa ngaphansi kwengcindezi evamile ye-nitrogen enguketshezi ngu--196 degrees, engasetshenziswa njengomthombo obandayo wokushisa ophansi kakhulu. Ukuchotshozwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kwamasondo, ukugcinwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezibhedlela, njll. konke kusebenzisa i-nitrogen ewuketshezi njengomthombo obandayo.
2. I-nitrogen ewuketshezi iwagcina kanjani amangqamuzana?
Indlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ye-cell cryopreservation iwuketshezi lwe-nitrogen cryopreservation method, esebenzisa ngokuyinhloko indlela yokuqhwaza ehamba kancane enenani elifanele le-ejenti evikelayo yokufriza amaseli.
Qaphela: Uma amaseli efriziwe ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokwengeza noma iyiphi into evikelayo, amanzi angaphakathi nangaphandle kwamaseli azokwakha ngokushesha amakristalu eqhwa, okuzobangela uchungechunge lokusabela okubi. Isibonelo, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kwamaseli kukhulisa ukugxila kwe-electrolyte yendawo, kushintsha inani le-pH, futhi kukhiphe amanye amaprotheni ngenxa yezizathu ezingenhla, okubangela ukuthi ukwakheka kwesikhala sangaphakathi seseli kuphazamiseke. Idala umonakalo, ukuvuvukala kwe-mitochondrial, ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi, nokuphazamiseka kwemetabolism yamandla. I-lipoprotein complex kulwelwesi lwamaseli ibuye ibhujiswe kalula, ibangele izinguquko ekungeneni kwe-membrane yeseli nokulahlekelwa okuqukethwe kwamaseli. Uma amakristalu eqhwa engeziwe emangqamuzaneni, njengoba izinga lokushisa elibandayo liyancipha, umthamo wamakristalu eqhwa uzokwanda, okuholela ekulimaleni okungenakulungiseka ekumisweni kwendawo ye-nuclear DNA, okuholela ekufeni kweseli.
Ukushisa okucashile nokuzwakalayo okumuncwa ukudla okuyi-nitrogen okuwuketshezi lapho kuhlangana nokudla kubangela ukuthi ukudla kube yiqhwa. I-nitrogen ewuketshezi ikhishwa esitsheni, ishintshe ngokuzumayo ibe izinga lokushisa elivamile nokucindezela, bese ishintsha isuka ekubeni uketshezi iye esimweni segesi. Phakathi nalesi sigaba sokushintsha kwesigaba, i-nitrogen ewuketshezi iyabila futhi ihwamuke ku- -195.8 ℃ ukuze ibe i-nitrogen enegesi, futhi ukushisa okucashile kokuhwamuka kungu-199 kJ/kg; uma -195.8 Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphukela ku -20 °C ngaphansi kwenitrogen ngomfutho womoya, lingamunca u-183.89 kJ/kg wokushisa okunengqondo (umthamo wokushisa othize ubalwa njengo-1.05 kJ/(kg?K)), omuncwa ukushisa kwe-vaporization kanye nokushisa okunengqondo okumuncwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokushintsha isigaba se-nitrogen esiwuketshezi. Ukushisa kungafinyelela ku-383 kJ/kg.
Enkambweni yokuqandisa ukudla, ngenxa yokuthi inani elikhulu lokushisa lisuswa ngokuphazima kweso, izinga lokushisa lokudla lipholiswa ngokushesha kusuka ngaphandle kuya ngaphakathi ukuze liqhwa. Ubuchwepheshe be-nitrogen ewuketshezi bokuqanda ngokushesha busebenzisa i-nitrogen ewuketshezi njengomthombo obandayo, ongenalo ubungozi emvelweni. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesiqandisi esivamile semishini, singafinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nezinga lokupholisa eliphezulu. Ubuchwepheshe bokuqanda ngokushesha be-nitrogen bunesivinini sokuqanda esisheshayo, isikhathi esifushane, futhi Ukudla kungokwekhwalithi enhle, ukuphepha okuphezulu futhi akungcolisi.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuqanda ngokushesha be-nitrogen busetshenziswe kabanzi ekuqandiseni ngokushesha imikhiqizo yasemanzini efana nezimfanzi, i-whitebait, inkalankala ye-biological, ne-abalone. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi izimfanzi eziphathwe ubuchwepheshe be-nitrogen esheshayo bokuqandisa zingagcina ubusha, umbala nokunambitha. Akukhona lokho kuphela, amanye amagciwane angase abulawe noma ayeke ukuzala ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi ukuze kuzuzwe ukukhucululwa kwendle.
I-Cryopreservation: I-nitrogen ewuketshezi ingasetshenziselwa ukulondoloza amasampula ezinto eziphilayo ahlukahlukene, njengamaseli, izicubu, i-serum, isidoda, njll. Lawa masampuli angagcinwa isikhathi eside kumazinga okushisa aphansi futhi abuyiselwe esimweni sawo sangempela uma kudingeka. I-Liquid nitrogen cryopreservation iyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokugcina, evame ukusetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwe-biomedical, ezolimo, ukufuywa kwezilwane neminye imikhakha.
Isiko lamaseli: I-nitrogen ewuketshezi ingabuye isetshenziselwe isiko lamaseli. Phakathi nesiko lamaseli, i-nitrogen eyi-liquid ingasetshenziswa ukulondoloza amaseli ukuze kwenziwe umsebenzi wokuhlola olandelayo. I-nitrogen ewuketshezi ingasetshenziswa futhi ukufriza amaseli ukuze alondoloze ukusebenza kwawo kanye nezakhiwo zebhayoloji.
Ukugcinwa kwamaseli: Izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-nitrogen ewuketshezi lingagcina ukuzinza nobuqotho bamaseli, kuyilapho livimbela ukuguga kwamangqamuzana nokufa. Ngakho-ke, i-nitrogen eyi-liquid isetshenziswa kakhulu ekugcinweni kwamaseli. Amaseli agcinwe ku-nitrogen ewuketshezi angatholwa ngokushesha uma edingeka futhi asetshenziselwe ukukhohlisa okuhlukahlukene kokuhlola.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi yezinga lokudla kufana no-ayisikhilimu we-nitrogen owuketshezi, amabhisikidi e-nitrogen ewuketshezi, ukuqandisa kwe-nitrogen okuwuketshezi kanye nezinzwa ezibulala izinzwa emithini nakho kudinga i-nitrogen engamanzi ehlanzekile kakhulu. Ezinye izimboni ezifana nemboni yamakhemikhali, i-electronics, i-metallurgy, njll. zinezidingo ezihlukene zokuhlanzeka kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi.
ungakwazi ukuphuza i-liquid carbon dioxide?
