Iyini i-ethylene oxide?
I-Ethylene oxideiyinhlanganisela yemvelo enefomula yamakhemikhali i-C2H4O, engu-carcinogen enobuthi futhi yayisetshenziswa ngaphambilini ukwenza izibulala-sikhunta. I-ethylene oxide iyavutha futhi iyaqhuma, futhi akulula ukuyihambisa ngokuhamba amabanga amade, ngakho inezici zesifunda ezinamandla. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini zokuwasha, ezemithi, zokunyathelisa nezokudaya. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuqala yokuhlanza ama-ejenti ezimbonini ezihlobene namakhemikhali.
Ngomhla zingama-27 kuMfumfu wezi-2017, uhlu lwama-carcinogens olukhishwe yi-International Agency for Research on Cancer ye-World Health Organization lwaqale lwahlanganiswa ukuze lubhekiswe, futhi i-ethylene oxide yafakwa ohlwini lwe-Class 1 carcinogens.
2. Ingabe i-ethylene oxide iyingozi emzimbeni womuntu?
Kuyingozi,i-ethylene oxideiwuketshezi olubonisa ngale olungenambala ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi, oluvame ukugcinwa kumasilinda ensimbi, amabhodlela e-aluminiyamu amelana nokucindezela noma amabhodlela engilazi, futhi iyisibulala-magciwane segesi. Inamandla anamandla okungena kwegesi namandla aqinile okubulala amagciwane, futhi inomphumela omuhle wokubulala kumagciwane, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta. Ayidali monakalo ezintweni eziningi futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukufutheka koboya, isikhumba, okokusebenza kwezokwelapha, njll. Isitimu sizosha noma siqhume ngisho nalapho sichayeke elangabini elivulekile. Iyagqwala emgudwini wokuphefumula futhi ingabangela ukusabela kwamathumbu emathunjini njengokuhlanza, isicanucanu, nesifo sohudo. Ukulimala kwesibindi nezinso kanye ne-hemolysis kungase kwenzeke. Ukuxhumana okweqile kwesikhumba nesisombululo se-ethylene oxide kuzodala ubuhlungu obuvuthayo, ngisho namabhamuza kanye ne-dermatitis. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kungase kubangele umdlavuza. I-Ethylene oxide iyinto enobuthi kakhulu ezimpilweni zethu. Lapho sisebenzisa i-ethylene oxide ekubulaleni amagciwane, kufanele sihlonyiswe ngezinto zokuzivikela. Kufanele sinake ukuphepha futhi sikusebenzise kuphela uma kuhlangatshezwana nemibandela ethile.
3. Kwenzekani uma i-ethylene oxide isetshenzisiwe?
Ninii-ethylene oxideLapho isha, iqala isabela nomoya-mpilo ukuze ikhiqize isikhutha namanzi. I-equation yokusabela imi kanje: C2H4O + 3O2 -> 2CO2 + 2H2O Endabeni yokusha okuphelele, imikhiqizo evuthayo ye-ethylene oxide iyi-carbon dioxide namanzi kuphela. Lena inqubo yokushisa ehambisana nemvelo. Kodwa-ke, esimweni sokuvutha okungaphelele, i-carbon monoxide nayo iyakhiwa. I-Carbon monoxide iyigesi engenambala, engenaphunga enobuthi obukhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Lapho i-carbon monoxide ingena emzimbeni womuntu, izohlangana ne-hemoglobin ukunciphisa okuqukethwe komoya-mpilo egazini, okuholela ebuthini ngisho nokufa.
4. Iyini i-ethylene oxide emikhiqizweni yansuku zonke?
Ezingeni lokushisa lasekamelweni, i-ethylene oxide iyigesi evuthayo, engenambala enephunga elimnandi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni amanye amakhemikhali, kuhlanganise ne-antifreeze. Amanani amancane e-ethylene oxide asetshenziswa njengezibulala-zinambuzane nezibulala-magciwane. Ikhono le-ethylene oxide ukulimaza i-DNA liyenza ibe isibulala-magciwane esinamandla, kodwa futhi ingachaza umsebenzi wayo we-carcinogenic.
I-Ethylene oxide iyinhlanganisela eguquguqukayo esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni eminye imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali esetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zezimboni kanye nemikhiqizo yansuku zonke yabathengi, okuhlanganisa abahlanzi basendlini, imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu, nezindwangu nezindwangu. Ukusetshenziswa okuncane kodwa okubalulekile kwe-ethylene oxide kusekubulaweni amagciwane emishinini yezokwelapha. I-ethylene oxide ingabulala amagciwane emishini yezokwelapha futhi isize ekuvimbeleni izifo nokutheleleka.
5. Yikuphi ukudla okuqukethe i-ethylene oxide?
Ezweni lami, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ethylene oxide yokubulala amagciwane ekudleni okuhlanganisa no-ayisikhilimu akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele.
Kuze kube manje, izwe lami liphinde lenze ngokukhethekile i-"GB31604.27-2016 National Food Safety Standard for the Determination of Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide in Plastics of Food Contact Materials and Products" ukulawula okuqukethwe kwe-ethylene oxide ezintweni zokupakisha. Uma impahla ihlangabezana naleli zinga, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokuthi ukudla kungcoliswe i-ethylene oxide.
6. Ingabe isibhedlela sisebenzisa i-ethylene oxide?
I-Ethylene oxide, ebizwa ngokuthi i-ETO, iyigesi engenambala ecasulayo emehlweni abantu, isikhumba kanye nendlela yokuphefumula. Ezimweni eziphansi, i-carcinogenic, i-mutagenic, uhlelo lokuzala kanye nesistimu yezinzwa iyingozi. Iphunga le-ethylene oxide alibonakali ngaphansi kuka-700ppm. Ngakho-ke, umtshina we-ethylene oxide uyadingeka ukuze kuqashwe isikhathi eside ukugxila kwawo ukuvimbela ukulimala emzimbeni womuntu. Nakuba ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-ethylene oxide kufana nempahla engavuthiwe ye-organic synthesis eminingi, esinye isicelo esiyinhloko siwukubulala amagciwane kwezinsimbi ezibhedlela. I-Ethylene oxide isetshenziswa njengesibulali magciwane sezinto ezizwelayo nokushisa. Manje isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinqubweni zokuhlinza ezingavami kakhulu. Nakuba ezinye izindlela esikhundleni se-ETO, njenge-peracetic acid ne-hydrogen peroxide plasma gas, ziseyinkinga, ukusebenza kwazo nokusebenza kwazo kulinganiselwe. Ngakho-ke, kuleli qophelo, inzalo ye-ETO isalokhu iyindlela yokuzikhethela.
ungakwazi ukuphuza i-liquid carbon dioxide?
