kutheni kusetyenziswa initrogen elulwelo kwi cryopreservation?
1. Kutheni usebenzisa initrogen emanzi njengefriji?
1. Kuba ubushushu beinitrogen engamanziyona ngokwayo iphantsi kakhulu, kodwa indalo yayo iphakathi kakhulu, kwaye kunzima ukuba initrogen engamanzi ingene kwimichiza, ngoko ke isoloko isetyenziswa njengefriji.
2.Initrogen yolweloIba ngumphunga ukuze ifunxe ubushushu, ithobe ubushushu, kwaye inokusetyenziswa njengefriji.
3. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-ammonia isetyenziswa njengefriji kunye namanzi njenge-absorbent.
4. Igesi ye-ammonia ipholisiwe yi-condenser ukuba ibe yi-ammonia elulwelo, kwaye i-ammonia yolwelo ingena kwi-evaporator ukuba ibe ngumphunga, kwaye kwangaxeshanye ifunxa ubushushu obuvela ngaphandle ukuze ifezekise injongo yefriji, ngaloo ndlela yenza i-diffusion eqhubekayo yokufunxa ifriji. umjikelo.
5. I-nitrojeni ingasetyenziselwa njengefriji kwiimeko "ze-cryogenic", oko kukuthi, kufuphi ne-0 degrees (-273.15 degrees Celsius), kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiilabhoratri ukufunda i-superconductivity.
6. Kwiyeza, i-nitrogen engamanzi isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengefriji ukwenza imisebenzi phantsi kwe-cryanesthesia.
7. Kwintsimi ye-high-tech, i-nitrogen engamanzi isoloko isetyenziselwa ukudala indawo ephantsi yobushushu. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye izinto ze-superconducting zifumana kuphela iipropati ze-superconducting kumaqondo aphantsi emva kokuba ziphathwe nge-nitrogen engamanzi.
8. Iqondo lobushushu phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwenitrogen engamanzi yi--196 degrees, enokusetyenziswa njengomthombo obandayo we-ultra-low. Ukutyunyuzwa kobushushu obuphantsi kwamatayara, ukugcinwa kofuzo kwizibhedlele, njalo njalo zonke zisebenzisa initrogen engamanzi njengomthombo obandayo.
2. I-nitrogen engamanzi izigcina njani iiseli?
Obona buchule buxhaphakileyo busetyenziswa kwi-cell cryopreservation yindlela yolwelo lwenitrogen cryopreservation, esebenzisa indlela yokukhenkceza ecothayo kunye nesixa esifanelekileyo sokhuselo lokukhenkceza iiseli.
Qaphela: Ukuba iiseli zinomkhenkce ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokongeza nayiphi na into ekhuselayo, amanzi angaphakathi nangaphandle kweeseli aya kukhawuleza enze iikristale zomkhenkce, eziya kubangela uthotho lweziphumo ezibi. Umzekelo, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kweeseli kwandisa ukugxininiswa kwe-electrolyte yendawo, kuguqula ixabiso le-pH, kunye nokukhupha ezinye iiprotheni ngenxa yezizathu ezingentla, ezibangela ukuba isakhiwo sendawo yangaphakathi yeseli siphazamiseke. Ibangela umonakalo, ukuvuvukala kwe-mitochondrial, ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwemetabolism yamandla. I-lipoprotein complex kwi-membrane yeseli nayo itshabalaliswa ngokulula, ibangela utshintsho kwi-permeability ye-membrane yeseli kunye nokulahlekelwa kwe-cell content. Ukuba iikristale zomkhenkce ezingakumbi zenziwe kwiiseli, njengoko iqondo lobushushu liyancipha, umthamo weekristale zomkhenkce uya kwanda, nto leyo ekhokelela kumonakalo ongenakulungiseka kubume bendawo yeDNA yenyukliya, okukhokelela ekufeni kweeseli.
Ubushushu obufihlileyo nobunengqiqo obufunxwa kukutya kwenitrogen engamanzi ekudibaneni nokutya kubangela ukuba ukutya kube ngumkhenkce. Initrogen elulwelo iyakhutshwa kwisikhongozeli, itshintshe ngesiquphe kubushushu obuqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo, kwaye iguquka ukusuka kulwelo ukuya kwisimo segesi. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshintsha kwesigaba, initrogen elulwelo iyabila kwaye ibe ngumphunga kwi -195.8 ℃ ukuze ibe yigesi yenitrogen, kwaye ubushushu obufihlakeleyo bokuphuphuma bube yi-199 kJ/kg; ukuba -195.8 Xa iqondo lobushushu linyuka liye ku -20 °C phantsi kwenitrogen kuxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric, inokufunxa i-183.89 kJ/kg yobushushu obuvakalayo (umthamo wobushushu obuthile ubalwa njenge-1.05 kJ/(kg?K)), efunxwa ubushushu bomphunga kunye nobushushu obubambekayo obufunxwa ngexesha lenkqubo yotshintsho lwesigaba senitrogen. Ubushushu bunokufikelela kwi-383 kJ / kg.
Kwinkqubo yokukhenkceza kokutya, ngenxa yokuba ubushushu obuninzi buthathwa ngokukhawuleza, iqondo lokushisa lokutya liphola ngokukhawuleza ukusuka ngaphandle ukuya ngaphakathi ukuze liqhwale. Ulwelo lwe-nitrogen olukhawulezayo lokukhenkceza ubuchwepheshe busebenzisa initrogen engamanzi njengomthombo obandayo, ongenabungozi kokusingqongileyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nefriji yesiqhelo yoomatshini, inokufikelela kwiqondo lobushushu elisezantsi kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokupholisa. Itekhnoloji yolwelo yenitrogen ekhawulezayo yokukhenkceza inesantya sokukhenkceza ngokukhawuleza, ixesha elifutshane, kwaye Ukutya kunomgangatho olungileyo, ukhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokungangcoliseki.
Ulwelo lwe-nitrogen olukhawulezayo lokukhenkceza ubuchwephesha buye lwasetyenziswa kakhulu ekukhenkceni ngokukhawuleza kweemveliso zasemanzini ezifana ne-shrimp, whitebait, i-biological crab, kunye ne-abalone. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba i-shrimp ephathwa ngetekhnoloji ye-nitrogen ekhawulezayo yomkhenkce inokugcina ubutsha, umbala kunye nencasa ephezulu. Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, ezinye iibhaktheriya zinokubulawa okanye ziyeke ukuzala kwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi ukuze kuphunyezwe ucoceko oluphezulu olufunekayo.
Cryopreservation: Ulwelo nitrogen ingasetyenziselwa cryopreservation iisampulu ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji, ezifana iiseli, izicubu, serum, amadlozi, njl. Ezi sampuli zinokugcinwa ixesha elide kwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi kwaye zibuyiselwe kwimeko yazo yokuqala xa kufuneka. I-Liquid nitrogen cryopreservation yindlela yogcino esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, edla ngokusetyenziswa kuphando lwebiomedical, ezolimo, ukufuywa kwezilwanyana nezinye iindawo.
Ukukhuliswa kweeseli: Initrogen engamanzi nayo ingasetyenziselwa inkcubeko yeseli. Ngexesha lenkcubeko yeeseli, initrogen engamanzi ingasetyenziselwa ukugcina iiseli zemisebenzi yovavanyo elandelayo. Initrogen elulwelo ingasetyenziselwa ukukhenkceza iiseli ukugcina ukusebenza kwazo kunye neempawu zebhayoloji.
Ukugcinwa kweeseli: Ubushushu obuphantsi be-nitrogen engamanzi bunokugcina uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka kweeseli, ngelixa kuthintela ukuguga kweeseli kunye nokufa. Ngoko ke, initrogen engamanzi isetyenziswa kakhulu kwindawo yokugcina iiseli. Iiseli ezigcinwe kwinitrogen engamanzi zinokufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza xa zifuneka kwaye zisetyenziselwe ukwenza imifuniselo eyahlukeneyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen engamanzi kulwelo kufana ne-ayisikrimu yenitrogen, iibhiskithi zenitrogen ezingamanzi, ukukhenkceza kwenitrogen yolwelo kunye ne-anesthesia kumayeza nazo zifuna ulwelo olusulungekileyo lwenitrogen. Amanye amashishini afana neshishini lemichiza, i-elektroniki, isinyithi, njl.njl. zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokucoceka kwenitrogen engamanzi.
Ngaba unokusela i-carbon dioxide engamanzi?
