Yintoni eyenza iklorine emzimbeni?
Irhasi yekloriniyirhasi ye-elemental, kwaye yigesi eyityhefu kakhulu enevumba elibukhali elibukhali. Nje ukuba irhasi yeklorini irhogelwe iya kubangela iimpawu zetyhefu encinci emzimbeni womntu. Ezinye izigulana zinokuba neempawu ezifana nokukhohlela, ukukhohlela isikhohlela esincinci, kunye nokuxinene kwesifuba. Umjelo ongasentla wokuphefumla, amehlo, impumlo, kunye nomqala wezigulana zinokuvuselelwa yiigesi chlorine. Kwiimeko ezinzima, izigulana zinokuba neempawu ezifana ne-acute pulmonary edema kunye nenyumoniya. Ukuphefumla ixesha elide kwegesi yeklorini kuya kukhawulezisa isantya sokuguga kwabantu, kwaye iiradicals zasimahla emzimbeni womntu ziya kwanda kakhulu.
Ezinye izigulana zinokufumana iimpawu ezifana nokukhohlela okukhulu, i-pulmonary edema, kunye ne-dyspnea emva kokuphefumla igesi ye-chlorine. Irhasi yeklorini ngokwayo yirhasi emthubi neyityhefu. Emva kokuphefumla, kuya kubangela umonakalo eluswini lomntu kunye nesibindi, kwaye kuya kwandisa ithuba lezigulana ezinomhlaza. Ukunyuka, imiphunga yesigulane iya kubonakala i-rales eyomileyo okanye i-wheezing.
Ukuba isigulana sine-dyspnea, ukukhohlela kwe-paroxysmal, i-expectoration, intlungu yesisu, isisu esibuhlungu, i-cyanosis epholileyo kunye nezinye izinto ezingathandekiyo emva kokuphefumla igesi ye-chlorine, kufuneka afune unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuze aphephe ukuphefumla igesi ye-chlorine eninzi, eya kukhokelela ekuphenduleni ityhefu. kunye nomonakalo kwizitho zenkqubo yesigulana Kusongela ubomi, kwaye ukuba awufuni unyango lwezonyango ngexesha, kuya kukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi njengokukhubazeka kwexesha elide lesigulane.
Izigulane ezikhupha igesi ye-chlorine zinokunceda ukukhupha umzimba ngokusela ubisi oluninzi, kwaye isigulane kufuneka sidluliselwe kwindawo enomoya omtsha ukuze kugcinwe ukujikeleza komoya. Izinto zifakwe kwi-nebulization, kwaye izigulane ezineempawu ezinzima zetyhefu zingakhetha i-adrenal glucocorticoids ukunceda ukuphucula imeko emva kokufuna unyango.
2. Ngaba iklorine iyayichaphazela ingqondo?
Ukuphefumla iklorini kungonakalisa ingqondo kwaye kufuna intsebenziswano esebenzayo ukuphucula.
Ukuphefumlaigesi chlorineluhlobo lwegesi elula, ekwalivumba elibi elicaphukisayo kunye nerhasi enetyhefu kakhulu. Ukuba iphefumle ixesha elide, iya kukhokelela lula kwiimpawu zetyhefu emzimbeni womntu, kwaye iya kubonisa iimpawu ezifana nokukhohlela kunye nokuqina kwesifuba. Ukuba ayiphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye noPhuculo, kulula ukubangela ukuphulwa kweeseli zengqondo, kwaye kunokonakalisa imithambo-luvo yengqondo, kubangele ukuba nesiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu, njl. Ukuba ayilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, iya kubangela ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kwiimeko ezinzima.
Ukuba isigulana siphefumla iklorini, kufuneka siphume ngokukhawuleza, kwindawo epholileyo, sifunxe umoya omtsha. Ukuba kukho iimpawu ezifana ne-dyspnea, kufuneka afune unyango lwezonyango ngexesha.
3. Indlela yokuphatha i-chlorine inhalation?
1. Phuma kwindawo enobungozi
Emva kokuphefumlaigesi chlorine, kufuneka uphume kwangoko kwindawo kwaye uye kwindawo evulekileyo enomoya omtsha. Kwimeko yokungcola kwamehlo okanye kwesikhumba, hlambulula ngokukhawuleza ngamanzi okanye nge-saline. Izigulana ezivezwe kumlinganiselo othile werhasi yeklorini kufuneka zifune unyango kwangethuba, zibeke iliso kwiinguqu zokuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, kwaye zizabalazele uhlalutyo lwerhasi yokuqala yegazi kunye nokubonwa okuguquguqukayo kweX-reyi yesifuba.
2. Ukuphefumla ioksijini
Irhasi yekloriniiyacaphukisa indlela yokuphefumla yomntu, kwaye inokuchaphazela umsebenzi wokuphefumla, ihamba kunye ne-hypoxia. Emva kokuphefumula igesi ye-chlorine, ukunika isigulane i-oxygen inhalation ngexesha kunokuncedisa ukuphucula imeko ye-hypoxic kunye nokugcina indlela yomoya ivulekile.
3. Unyango lweziyobisi
Ukuphefumla isixa esincinci seklorini kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kokuphefumla. Ukuba isigulana siyaqhubeka nokuba nokuphazamiseka komqala, unokusebenzisa amayeza e-nebulization inhalation treatment njengoko eyalelwe ngugqirha, njenge-budesonide suspension, i-compound ipratropium bromide, njl., enokuphucula ukungahambi kakuhle komqala. Ukuthintela i-edema ye-laryngeal. Ukuba kukho i-bronchospasm, inaliti ye-glucose kunye ne-doxofylline ingasetyenziswa. Izigulane ezine-pulmonary edema zidinga unyango lwangethuba, olwaneleyo, kunye nexesha elifutshane kunye ne-adrenal glucocorticoids, njenge-hydrocortisone, i-prednisone, i-methylprednisolone, kunye ne-prednisolone. Ukuba amehlo adityaniswe nechlorine, ungasebenzisa amathontsi ehlo e-chloramphenicol ukuthomalalisa iimpawu, okanye unike i-0.5% ye-cortisone eye drops kunye ne-antibiotic eye drops. Ukuba kukho ukutsha kweasidi yolusu, i-2% ukuya kwi-3% yesisombululo se-sodium bicarbonate ingasetyenziselwa ukucinezela okumanzi.
4. Ukhathalelo lwemihla ngemihla
Izigulane zicetyiswa ukuba zigcine ixesha elaneleyo lokuphumla kunye nendawo epholileyo, enomoya omhle ngexesha lokubuyisela. Khetha ukutya okulula, okutyekayo, okunesondlo esiphakamileyo, ukutya imifuno kunye neziqhamo ezininzi, kuphephe ukutya okuneziqholo, okubandayo, okunzima, okucoliweyo, kwaye uphephe ukusela nokutshaya. Kufuneka kwakhona ugcine ukuzinza ngokweemvakalelo kwaye uphephe uxinzelelo lwengqondo kunye nokuxhalaba.
4. Indlela yokususa ityhefu ye-chlorine emzimbeni?
Xa umzimba womntu uphefumla igesi yeklorine, akukho ndlela yokuyikhupha. Inokukhawulezisa kuphela ukuchithwa kwegesi yeklorini ukukhusela ityhefu yomntu. Izigulane ezifunxa iklorini kufuneka zikhawuleze ziye kwindawo enomoya omtsha, zithule kwaye zifudumale. Ukuba amehlo okanye ulusu ludibana nesisombululo seklorini, hlambulula kakuhle ngamanzi ngoko nangoko. Izigulane ezinobunzima bezihlunu ezingaphezulu kufuneka ziphumle ebhedini kwaye zijonge iiyure ezili-12 ukuze zijongane neempawu ezihambelana nequbuliso.
5. Ziziphi iimpawu zokutyhefwa kwerhasi yomntu?
Ityhefu yerhasi ikwabizwa ngokuba yityhefu yecarbon monoxide. Ityhefu yeCarbon monoxide ikakhulu ikhokelela kwi-hypoxia, kwaye iimpawu zetyhefu zinokusuka kumbi ukuya kobukhali. Izigulana ezinetyhefu encinci zibonakala ikakhulu njengentloko, isiyezi, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, ukubetha kwentliziyo, ubuthathaka, ukozela, kunye nokungabikho zingqondweni. Banokuchacha ngokukhawuleza emva kokuphefumla umoya omtsha ngaphandle kokushiya i-sequelae. Izigulana ezinetyhefu elinganiselweyo azikho zingqondweni, akukho lula ukuvuka, okanye zide zife isiqaqa nje kancinci. Ezinye izigulana zinobuso obugungxulweyo, imilebe ebomvu yecherry, ukuphefumla okungaqhelekanga, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukubetha kwentliziyo, nokubetha kwentliziyo, ezinokubuyiselwa ngonyango olusebenzayo, kwaye ngokubanzi ayishiyi i-sequelae. Izigulana ezityhefwe ngokuqatha zidla ngokukwikoma enzulu, yaye ezinye zikwikoma zivule amehlo, yaye ubushushu bomzimba, ukuphefumla, uxinzelelo lwegazi, nokubetha kwentliziyo akuqhelekanga. Inyumoniya, i-pulmonary edema, ukusilela kokuphefumla, ukungaphumeleli kwezintso, ukungahambi kakuhle kwentliziyo, i-myocardial infarction, ukopha kwesisu, njl njl.
6. Indlela yokujongana negesi enetyhefu?
1. Unyango lwe-Etiological
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni lwetyhefu yegesi eyingozi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukushiya indawo enetyhefu ngokukhawuleza, ukudlulisela umntu onetyhefu kwindawo enomoya omtsha, kwaye ugcine umgudu wokuphefumula ungathinteki. Kwimeko yetyhefu yecyanide, iindawo zoqhagamshelwano ezigungxulwayo zinokuhlanjwa ngamanzi amaninzi.
2. Unyango lweziyobisi
1. I-Phenytoin kunye ne-phenobarbital: Kwizigulane ezineempawu ze-neuropsychiatric, la mayeza angasetyenziselwa ukukhusela ukuxhatshazwa, ukuphepha ukubetha ulwimi ngexesha lokuxhatshazwa, kunye nokulawula izigulane ezine-cirrhosis yesibindi, i-asthma kunye nesifo sikashukela kufuneka zikhubazeke.
2. I-5% isisombululo se-sodium bicarbonate: isetyenziselwa i-nebulization inhalation yizigulane ezinetyhefu yegesi ye-asidi ukukhulula iimpawu zokuphefumla.
3. I-3% isisombululo se-boric acid: isetyenziselwa i-nebulized inhalation kwizigulane ezinetyhefu yegesi ye-alkali ukukhulula iimpawu zokuphefumla.
4. IiGlucocorticoids: Xa ukhohlokhohlo rhoqo, ukuphefumla nzima, ukuxinezeleka kwesifuba kunye nezinye iimpawu, idexamethasone isenokusetyenziswa, yaye iantispasmodic, i-expectorant, kunye neyeza ezichasayo kufuneka zisetyenziswe xa kuyimfuneko. Kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokuqaphela kubantu abadala kunye nezigulane ezinokukhubazeka kwesibindi kunye nokusebenza kwezintso. Izigulane ezinoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-electrolyte engaqhelekanga yemetabolism, i-myocardial infarction, i-glaucoma, njl. ngokuqhelekileyo ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa.
5. I-Hypertonic dehydrating agents kunye ne-diuretics: ezifana ne-furosemide kunye ne-torasemide ukukhusela nokuphatha i-edema ye-cerebral, ukukhuthaza ukujikeleza kwegazi kwi-cerebral, nokugcina imisebenzi yokuphefumula kunye nokujikeleza. Amanqanaba e-Electrolyte kufuneka abekwe iliso elibukhali xa i-diuretics isetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwe-electrolyte okanye ukongezwa kwe-potassium kwi-intravenous.
3. Unyango lotyando
Ityhefu yerhasi eyingozi ayifuni unyango lotyando, kwaye i-tracheotomy ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlangula izigulane ezifileyo.
4. Olunye unyango
Unyango lwe-oksijini ye-Hyperbaric: i-oksijini yokuphefumula i-oksijini yokwandisa uxinzelelo lwe-oksijini kwi-gas inhaled. Izigulane ezine-comatic okanye ezinembali ye-coma, kunye nezo zineempawu ezicacileyo zenkqubo ye-cardiovascular system kunye nokwandisa kakhulu i-carboxyhemoglobin (ngokuqhelekileyo> i-25%), kufuneka inikwe unyango lwe-hyperbaric oxygen. phatha. Unyango lwe-oxygen ye-Hyperbaric inokunyusa i-oksijini echithwe emzimbeni egazini ukuze isetyenziswe izicubu kunye neeseli, kwaye yandise uxinzelelo lwe-alveolar oksijini, olunokukhawuleza ukuchithwa kwe-carboxyhemoglobin kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwe-CO, kunye nesantya sokucocwa kwayo kumaxesha angama-10 ngokukhawuleza. kunokuba ngaphandle kwe-oxygen inhalation, amaxesha e-2 ngokukhawuleza kunoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lokuthatha i-oxygen. Unyango lwe-oxygen ye-hyperbaric ayikwazi nje ukunciphisa ixesha lesi sifo kunye nokunciphisa izinga lokufa, kodwa nokunciphisa okanye ukuthintela ukuvela kwe-encephalopathy elibaziweyo.
Ngaba unokusela i-carbon dioxide engamanzi?
