Ukusetyenziswa okuninzi kwe-ammonia: Ukusuka kwezoLimo ukuya kwiMveliso
I-Amoniya (NH3)yigesi engenambala, enevumba elibi yenye yezona khemikhali zisetyenziswa kakhulu ehlabathini. Iveliswa yinkqubo yeHaber-Bosch, edibanisa i-nitrogen (N2) kunye ne-hydrogen (H2) kumaqondo aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo.
1. I-Amoniya kwezoLimo:
Enye yezinto eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kwe-ammonia sisichumisi kwezolimo. Iammonia ngowona mthombo ubalaseleyo wenitrogen, isondlo esibalulekileyo ekukhuleni kwezityalo. Inceda ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kweengcambu ezinempilo, ukuphucula isivuno sezityalo, kunye nokwandisa amandla ezityalo ngokubanzi. Abalimi bahlala besebenzisa izichumisi ezisekelwe kwi-ammonia ukugcwalisa amanqanaba e-nitrogen emhlabeni kwaye baqinisekise isondlo esisisona sezityalo.
2. I-Amoniya kwiiMveliso zokuCoca:
I-ammonia isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso zokucoca zendlu kunye nezoshishino ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokucoca. Isebenza kakhulu ekususeni amabala anenkani, igrisi, kunye nentsila kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Izicoci ezisekelwe kwi-ammonia ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiglasi, intsimbi engatyiwa, i-porcelain, kunye nezinye iindawo eziqinileyo. Ubume bayo be-alkaline bunceda ekuphuleni ukungcola kunye namabala, okwenza kube lukhetho oludumileyo lokucoca izicelo.
3. I-Amoniya kwiMveliso yePlastiki:
I-ammonia idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni iiplastiki. Isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeplastiki, kuquka i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), i-polyurethane, kunye neyiloni. I-ammonia isebenza njenge-precursor kwi-synthesis yala maplastiki, ukubonelela ngeebhloko zokwakha eziyimfuneko zokubunjwa kwazo. Ukuguquguquka kwe-ammonia kwimveliso yeplastiki kuvumela ukuveliswa koluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso, ukusuka kwimibhobho kunye neentambo ukuya kwiindawo zemoto kunye nezinto zokupakisha.
4. I-Amoniya kuShishino lwamalaphu:
Kushishino lwamalaphu, iammonia ifumana ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwimveliso yeentsinga zokwenziwa ezifana nenayiloni kunye nerayon. Ezi fayibha zisetyenziswa kakhulu xa kusenziwa iimpahla, iikhaphethi, izinto zokuhombisa, kunye nezinye iimveliso zamalaphu. I-ammonia isetyenziswe njenge-solvent kunye ne-catalyst kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, inceda kwi-polymerization kunye nokujikeleza kweefayili. Isakhono sayo sokwandisa ukomelela, ukuqina, kunye nokunwebeka kweentsinga zokwenziwa kuyenza ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kushishino lwamalaphu.
5. Olunye Usetyenziso lwe-Amoniya:
Ngaphandle kwamacandelo akhankanywe ngasentla, i-ammonia inezinye izicelo ezininzi. Isetyenziswe njengefriji kwiinkqubo zefriji yefriji ngenxa yendawo yokubilisa ephantsi kunye nokukwazi ukudlulisa ukushisa okuphezulu. Iammonia ikwasetyenziswa ekwenzeni iziqhushumbisi, amayeza kunye nedayi. Ukongeza, isebenza njenge-precursor yeekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-nitric acid, i-ammonium nitrate, kunye ne-urea.
Ukuqukumbela, i-ammonia yikhompawundi eguquguqukayo kakhulu edlala indima ebalulekileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Usetyenziso lwayo lususela ekubeni sisichumiso kwezolimo ukuya ekubeni licandelo eliphambili ekwenzeni iiplastiki kunye nelaphu. Iipropati zokucoca i-ammonia zenza ukuba ibe yinto ebalulekileyo kwizinto zokucoca izindlu. Izicelo zayo zinabela ngaphaya kwala macandelo ukuba zibandakanye iinkqubo zokubeka izikhenkcezisi, iziqhushumbisi, amayeza, nokunye. Ukusetyenziswa okwahlukeneyo kweammonia kuqaqambisa ukubaluleka kwayo ekwandiseni imveliso kunye nempumelelo kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo ethile okanye ufuna ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokusetyenziswa kweammonia, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukubuza!