Nitrate yolwelo, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-nitric acid, yikhompawundi yeekhemikhali ezininzi eziguquguqukayo eziguqule amashishini amaninzi. Ngeempawu zayo ezinamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa okubanzi, i-nitrate yolwelo iye yaba sisithako esiyimfuneko kwiinkqubo ezininzi zamashishini. Kweli nqaku, siza kungena kwihlabathi le-nitrate yolwelo, siphonononga ukusetyenziswa kwalo okuninzi, izibonelelo, kunye namashishini asebenzise amandla awo okuphucula iimveliso kunye neenkonzo zawo.

1. Yintoni iLiquid Nitrate?

Ukufumana ukukhula okungaguquguqukiyo, okunenzuzo, kunye nokuqhubekayo ngokufumana inzuzo yokukhuphisana, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo nokunyusa ixabiso elongeziweyo kubaninizabelo bethu kunye nabasebenzi bethu.

I-nitrate yolwelo, eyaziwa ngokwesayensi njenge-Nitric Acid (HNO3), lulwelo olungenambala kunye nevumba elinamandla, elihlabayo. Yinto eyonakalisa kakhulu ekwaziyo ukunyibilikisa uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezivela kwisinyithi ukuya kwiikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo zezinto eziphilayo. I-nitrate yolwelo iveliswa ngokuyinhloko ngenkqubo ye-Ostwald - indlela ebandakanya i-oxidation ye-ammonia.

2. Izicelo kuShishino:

I-nitrate yolwelo ifumana izicelo kuwo wonke amashishini amaninzi ngenxa yeepropathi zayo ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sihlolisise ezinye zezicelo zayo eziphambili:

a) Ishishini leMichiza: Ulwelo lwenitrate lusetyenziswa kakhulu xa kuveliswa izichumisi, amayeza, iidayi neziqhushumbisi. Isebenza njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo ekuveliseni i-nitro-based compounds.

b) Imizi-mveliso kunye neMetallurgical Industries: I-nitrate yolwelo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kwesinyithi njengentsimbi nobhedu. Ikwasetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokucoca isinyithi, i-etching, kunye nonyango lomphezulu.

c) Ishishini leSemiconductor: Ishishini lesemiconductor lixhomekeke kakhulu kulwelo lwenitrate yokucoca ii-silicone wafers, ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka kwazo kunye nokuphucula iimpawu zazo zombane.

d) Imizi-mveliso yeemoto kunye ne-Aerospace: I-nitrate yolwelo isetyenziswa ekuveliseni iziqhushumbisi zerokethi, izongezo zepetroli, kunye ne-oxidizing agent kumacandelo eemoto kunye ne-aerospace.

e) Ukucocwa kwamanzi kunye noLawulo lweNkunkuma: I-nitrate yolwelo isetyenziswa kunyango lwamanzi amdaka kunye nanjenge-oxidizer yeekhemikhali ukususa i-toxins kunye nokungcola.

3. Iinzuzo zeNitrate yoLwabi:

I-nitrate yolwelo ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezenza kube lukhetho olukhethiweyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo:

a) IiPropati ze-Oxidizing Ezomeleleyo: Iimpawu ze-oxidizing ze-nitrate zolwelo ziyenza ibe yinxalenye esebenzayo kwimichiza emininzi.

b) Ukuguquguquka: Ukukwazi ukunyibilikisa uluhlu lwemathiriyeli kukhulisa ukuguquguquka kwayo, okukuvumela ukuba isetyenziswe kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.

c) Ukusebenza kakuhle kwiMetal Processing: I-nitrate yolwelo incedisa ekususeni ukungcola kwisinyithi kunye negalelo ekuveliseni i-alloys ephezulu.

d) Uzinzo lokusiNgqongileyo: I-nitrate elulwelo isetyenziselwa ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka alungele indalo kunye neendlela zolawulo lwenkunkuma, ukuqinisekisa indawo engqongileyo ecocekileyo nekhuselekileyo.

4. UkuPhatha noKhuseleko:

Ngenxa yobume bayo bokugqwala, ukuphatha i-nitrate elulwelo kufuna inkathalo kunye nokubambelela kwimigaqo yokhuseleko. Izixhobo zokukhusela zomntu (i-PPE), kubandakanywa iiglavu, izibuko, kunye nengubo yelebhu, kufuneka zinxitywe ngamaxesha onke xa usebenza nge-nitrate engamanzi. Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye neendlela zokukhusela ziyimfuneko ekuthinteleni iingozi kunye nokuvezwa kwikhemikhali.

Isiphelo:

Ukusetyenziswa koluhlu olubanzi lwenitrate yolwelo kunye neempawu ezimangalisayo zenza ukuba ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kumashishini amaninzi. Ukusuka kwimveliso ukuya kulawulo lwenkunkuma, esi sicombululo sekhemikhali esinamandla sinikezela ngamathuba angenasiphelo. Njengoko amashishini eqhubeka nokwenza izinto ezintsha, i-nitrate yolwelo iya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhubeleni phambili ukuqhubela phambili kunye nokudala ikamva elizinzileyo. Yamkela umlingo we-nitrate yolwelo kwaye uvule amandla ayo kwishishini lakho namhlanje.

Ukuze sifezekise injongo yethu "yomthengi wokuqala kunye nenzuzo efanayo" kwintsebenziswano, siseka iqela lobunjineli lobuchwephesha kunye neqela lokuthengisa ukubonelela ngeyona nkonzo ilungileyo ukwanelisa iimfuno zabathengi bethu. Siyakwamkela ukuba usebenzisane nathi kwaye uzibandakanye nathi. Silukhetho lwakho olungcono.