Ko chlorine inoita sei kumuviri?
Chlorine gasiigasi rekutanga, uye igasi rine muchetura zvakanyanya nekunhuhwirira kwakasimba. Kana yangofemerwa chlorine gasi inokonzeresa zviratidzo zvechepfu yakapfava mumuviri wemunhu. Vamwe varwere vanogona kunge vaine zviratidzo zvakaita sekukosora, kukosora twunhu twudiki diki, uye kuoma kwechipfuva. Iyo yepamusoro yekufema turakiti, maziso, mhino, uye huro yevarwere inogona kukurudzirwa nechlorine gasi. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, varwere vanogonawo kutanga zviratidzo zvakadai seacute pulmonary edema uye pneumonia. Kufema kwenguva refu kwechlorine gasi kuchawedzera kukurumidza kwekuchembera kwevanhu, uye mahara radicals mumuviri wemunhu achawedzera zvakanyanya.
Vamwe varwere vanogona kuona zviratidzo zvakadai sekukosora kwakanyanya, pulmonary edema, uye dyspnea mushure mekufema chlorine gasi. Chlorine gasi pachayo igasi reyero uye rine chepfu. Mushure mekufema, zvinokonzeresa kukuvadzwa kweganda remunhu uye chiropa, uye zvakare zvichawedzera mukana wevarwere vane cancer. Kuwedzera, mapapu emurwere achaonekwa akaoma rales kana wheezing.
Kana murwere aine dyspnea, paroxysmal chikosoro, expectoration, abdominal distension, abdominal distension, mild cyanosis nezvimwe zvisingafadzi mushure mekufema chlorine gasi, anofanira kutsvaga kurapwa nekukasira kuti arege kufema yakawandisa chlorine gasi, izvo zvinozotungamira mukuwedzerwa chepfu kuita. uye kukuvadzwa kunhengo dzemuviri dzemurwere Zvinoisa hupenyu panjodzi, uye kana ukasatsvaga kurapwa nenguva, zvinozotungamirira kumigumisiro yakakomba yakadai sokuremara kweupenyu hwose kwomurwere.
Varwere vanopinza chlorine gasi vanogona kubatsira kubvisa muviri nekunwa mukaka wakawanda, uye murwere anofanira kuendeswa kune imwe nzvimbo ine mweya mutsva kuchengetedza kutenderera kwemhepo. Zvinhu zvinofemerwa nebulization, uye varwere vane zviratidzo zvakakomba zvechepfu vanogona kusarudza adrenal glucocorticoids kubatsira kugadzirisa mamiriro mushure mekutsvaga kurapwa.
2. Ko chlorine inokanganisa uropi here?
Kufema chlorine kunogona kukuvadza huropi uye kunoda kushandira pamwe kwakasimba kuti uvandudze.
Inhalingchlorine gasiimhando yegasi iri nyore, rinovawo kunhuhwirira kwakasimba uye gasi rine muchetura. Kana ikafemerwa kwenguva yakareba, inotungamira nyore kune zviratidzo zvechepfu mumuviri wemunhu, uye inoratidza zviratidzo zvakaita sekukosora uye kusungwa kwechipfuva. Kana isina kurapwa zvinobudirira uye Improvement, zviri nyore kukonzera kutyorwa kuti uropi masero, uye zvinogona kukuvadza uropi tsinga, zvichiita dzungu, musoro, etc. Kana isina kunyatsodzorwa, kuchaita kukonzera cerebral palsy mumatambudziko akaoma.
Kana murwere akafema chlorine, anofanira kubuda panze pakarepo, munzvimbo inotonhorera, uye kufefetera mweya. Kana pane zviratidzo zvakadai sedyspnea, anoda kutsvaga kurapwa nenguva.
3. Nzira yekurapa chlorine inhalation?
1. Buda munzvimbo ine ngozi
Mushure mekufemachlorine gasi, unofanira kubva wabva panzvimbo yacho woenda kunzvimbo yakashama nemhepo yakachena. Kana ziso kana kusvibiswa kweganda, nyatsogeza nemvura kana saline nekukurumidza. Varwere vanoratidzirwa kune imwe huwandu hwegesi yeklorini vanofanirwa kutsvaga kurapwa nenguva, kutarisa shanduko mukufema, kupuruzira, uye kukwira kweropa, uye kuyedza kukurumidza kuongororwa gasi reropa uye kusimba kwechipfuva X-ray yekutarisa.
2. Kufemerwa neokisijeni
Chlorine gasiinogumbura nzira yekufema kwevanhu, uye inogona kukanganisa basa rekufema, rinoperekedzwa ne hypoxia. Mushure mekufema chlorine gasi, kupa murwere mweya weokisijeni munguva kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza hypoxic mamiriro uye kuchengetedza nzira yemhepo yakavhurika.
3. Kurapa zvinodhaka
Kufema chidimbu cheklorini kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwekufema. Kana murwere akaramba achinetseka pahuro, anogona kushandisa mishonga yekurapa nebulization inhalation sekurairwa nachiremba, senge budesonide suspension, compound ipratropium bromide, nezvimwewo, inogona kuvandudza kusagadzikana kwehuro. Kudzivirira laryngeal edema. Kana bronchospasm ikaitika, jekiseni reglucose nedoxofylline rinogona kushandiswa. Varwere vane pulmonary edema vanoda kukurumidza, kwakakwana, uye kwenguva pfupi kurapwa neadrenal glucocorticoids, yakadai sehydrocortisone, prednisone, methylprednisolone, uye prednisolone. Kana maziso akaiswa chlorine, unogona kushandisa madonhwe emaziso echloramphenicol kuderedza zviratidzo, kana kupa 0.5% madonhwe emaziso ecortisone uye madonhwe emaziso emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Kana kutsva kweasidhi yeganda kuripo, 2% kusvika 3% sodium bicarbonate solution inogona kushandiswa kumisikidza yakanyorova.
4. Kuchengetwa kwezuva nezuva
Varwere vanorayirwa kuchengetedza nguva yekuzorora yakakwana uye nzvimbo yakanyarara, ine mhepo yakanaka panguva yekupora. Sarudza zvokudya zvakareruka, zvinogayiwa, zvinovaka muviri zvakanyanya, idya miriwo nemichero yakawanda, dzivisa zvinonhuwira, zvinotonhora, zvakaoma, zvakabikwa, uye dzivisa kunwa nekuputa. Iwe unofanirwawo kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwepfungwa uye kudzivisa kushungurudzika kwepfungwa uye kufunganya.
4. Nzira yekubvisa chlorine chepfu kubva mumuviri?
Kana muviri wemunhu uchifema chlorine gasi, hapana nzira yekuidzinga. Inogona chete kukurumidzira kuparara kwechlorine gasi kudzivirira chepfu yemunhu. Varwere vanofema chlorine vanofanira kubva vaenda kunzvimbo ine mweya mutsva, vanyarare uye varambe vachidziya. Kana maziso kana ganda zvakasangana nemushonga wechlorine, sukurudza nemvura nekukasika. Varwere vane mhasuru yakawanda vanofanira kuzorora pamubhedha uye kucherechedza kwemaawa gumi nemaviri kuitira kuti vatarise zviratidzo zvinongoerekana zvaitika.
5. Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvehuturu hwegasi remunhu?
Muchetura wegasi unonziwo carbon monoxide poisoning. Carbon monoxide poisoning inonyanya kutungamirira ku hypoxia, uye zviratidzo zvechepfu zvinogona kubva pane zvinyoro kusvika zvakanyanya. Varwere vane chepfu yakapfava vanonyanya kuratidza semusoro, dzungu, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, kurohwa nehana, kupera simba, kurara, uye kunyange kufenda. Vanogona kupora nekukurumidza mushure mekufema mweya mutsva pasina kusiya sequelae. Varwere vane muchetura uri pakati nepakati havazivi, hazvisi nyore kumuka, kana kunyange kufenda zvishoma. Vamwe varwere vakatsvuka kumeso, cherry miromo yakatsvuka, kufema zvisina tsarukano, BP, pulse, uye kurova kwemoyo, izvo zvinogona kudzoserwa nekurapa kunoshanda, uye kazhinji usasiye sequelae. Varwere vane chepfu yakakomba vanowanzova pakoma yakadzika, uye vamwe vari pakoma nemaziso avo akasvinura, uye tembiricha yomuviri wavo, kufema, BP, uye kurova kwemwoyo hazvisi zvenguva dzose. Pneumonia, pulmonary edema, kutadza kufema, renal kukundikana, cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, kubuda ropa kwegastrointestinal, nezvimwewo zvinogonawo kuitika panguva imwe chete.
6. Nzira yekuita sei negasi rine chepfu?
1. Etiological kurapwa
Hazvina mhosva kuti rudzii rwehutu hunokuvadza gasi, zvakakosha zvikuru kubva munzvimbo ine chepfu pakarepo, kuendesa munhu ane chepfu kune imwe nzvimbo ine mhepo yakachena, uye chengetedza nzira yekufema isina kuvharwa. Kana paine chepfu ye cyanide, zvikamu zvinotapukira zvinogona kugezwa nemvura yakawanda.
2. Kurapa zvinodhaka
1. Phenytoin uye phenobarbital: Kune varwere vane zviratidzo zveurouropsychiatric, mishonga iyi inogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kuzununguka, kudzivisa kurira kwerurimi panguva yekuputika, uye kudzora varwere vane chiropa chechiropa, asthma uye chirwere cheshuga chinofanira kuremara.
2. 5% sodium bicarbonate solution: inoshandiswa pakufemesa nebulization nevarwere vane acid gas poisoning kubvisa zviratidzo zvekufema.
3. 3% boric acid mhinduro: inoshandiswa nebulized inhalation kune varwere vane alkaline gasi chepfu kuti vabvise zviratidzo zvekufema.
4. Glucocorticoids: Pakukosora nguva dzose, kupfupika kwekufema, kuoma kwechipfuva nezvimwe zviratidzo, dexamethasone inogona kushandiswa, uye antispasmodic, expectorant, uye anti-infective mishonga inofanira kushandiswa pazvinenge zvakakodzera. Inofanira kushandiswa nekuchenjerera kune vakwegura uye varwere vane kukanganisa kwechiropa uye itsvo basa. Varwere vane high blood pressure, abnormal electrolyte metabolism, myocardial infarction, glaucoma, nezvimwewo kazhinji havana kukodzera kushandiswa.
5. Hypertonic dehydrating agents uye diuretics: zvakadai sefurosemide uye torasemide kudzivirira nekurapa cerebral edema, kukurudzira kupararira kweropa rehuropi, uye kuchengetedza mabasa ekufema uye kutenderera. Electrolyte mazinga anofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya kana ma diuretics achishandiswa kudzivirira kusagadzikana kwe electrolyte kana panguva imwe chete intravenous potassium supplementation.
3. Kuvhiya kurapwa
Muchetura wegasi unokuvadza kazhinji haudi kurapwa kwekuvhiya, uye tracheotomy inogona kushandiswa kununura varwere vane mweya.
4. Mamwe marapirwo
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: inhale okisijeni kuti uwedzere kudzvinyirirwa kweokisijeni mumhepo inofemerwa. Varwere vane comatose kana vane nhoroondo yekoma, pamwe chete nevaya vane zviratidzo zvakajeka zvemwoyo uye zvakanyanya kuwedzera carboxyhemoglobin (kazhinji> 25%), vanofanira kupiwa hyperbaric oxygen therapy. kubata. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy inogona kuwedzera okisijeni yakanyungudika mumuviri muropa kuitira kushandiswa kwematishu nemasero, uye kuwedzera alveolar oxygen partial pressure, iyo inogona kukurumidza kupatsanurwa kwecarboxyhemoglobin uye kukurudzira kubviswa kweCO, uye chiyero chayo chemahara inokurumidza ka10. kupfuura iyo isina okisijeni inhalation, 2 nguva nekukurumidza kupfuura yakajairwa kudzvanywa kweokisijeni. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy haigoni kungopfupisa nzira yechirwere uye kuderedza chiyero chekufa, asiwo kuderedza kana kudzivirira kuitika kwekunonoka encephalopathy.
