Chlorine ikora iki kumubiri?

2023-08-11

Gazi ya Chlorineni gaze yibanze, kandi ni gaze yuburozi cyane ifite impumuro nziza. Umwuka wa chlorine umaze guhumeka bizatera ibimenyetso byuburozi bworoheje mumubiri wumuntu. Bamwe mu barwayi barashobora kugira ibimenyetso nko gukorora, gukorora ururenda ruto, no gukomera mu gatuza. Inzira y'ubuhumekero yo hejuru, amaso, izuru, n'umuhogo w'abarwayi irashobora guterwa nagaze ya chlorine. Mu bihe bikomeye, abarwayi bashobora no kugira ibimenyetso nka acute pulmonary edema na pneumonia. Guhumeka igihe kirekire gaze ya chlorine bizihutisha umuvuduko wo gusaza kwabantu, kandi radicals yubusa mumubiri wumuntu iziyongera cyane.
Bamwe mu barwayi barashobora kugira ibimenyetso nko gukorora cyane, kuribwa mu bihaha, na dyspnea nyuma yo guhumeka gaze ya chlorine. Gazi ya Chlorine ubwayo ni gaze yumuhondo nuburozi. Nyuma yo guhumeka, bizanangiza kwangiza uruhu rwabantu numwijima, kandi bizongera amahirwe yabarwayi barwaye kanseri. Kwiyongera, ibihaha byumurwayi bizagaragara ko byumye cyangwa byijimye.
Niba umurwayi afite dyspnea, inkorora ya paroxysmal, gutegereza, kubabara mu nda, kwaguka mu nda, cyanose yoroheje ndetse no kutamererwa neza nyuma yo guhumeka gaze ya chlorine, agomba guhita yitabaza abaganga kugira ngo yirinde guhumeka gaze ya chlorine nyinshi, ibyo bikaba byaviramo uburozi bukabije. no kwangiza ingingo zumurwayi wumurwayi Birahungabanya ubuzima, kandi niba udashaka kwivuza mugihe, bizatera ingaruka zikomeye nkubumuga bwubuzima bwa ihangane.
Abarwayi bahumeka gaze ya chlorine barashobora gufasha kwangiza umubiri banywa amata menshi, kandi umurwayi agomba kwimurirwa ahantu hafite umwuka mwiza kugirango akomeze umwuka. Ibintu bihumeka na nebulisation, kandi abarwayi bafite ibimenyetso bikomeye byuburozi barashobora guhitamo glucocorticoide ya adrenal kugirango bafashe kunoza ibintu nyuma yo kwivuza.

2. Ese chlorine igira ingaruka ku bwonko?

Guhumeka chlorine bishobora kwangiza ubwonko kandi bisaba ubufatanye bukomeye kugirango utezimbere.
Guhumekagaze ya chlorineni ubwoko bwa gaze yoroshye, nayo ni impumuro ikomeye irakaza na gaze yuburozi cyane. Niba ihumeka igihe kirekire, bizahita bitera ibimenyetso byuburozi mumubiri wumuntu, kandi bizerekana ibimenyetso nko gukorora no gukomera mu gatuza. Niba itavuwe neza no Gutezimbere, biroroshye gutera ihohoterwa ryingirangingo zubwonko, kandi irashobora kwangiza imitsi yubwonko, bikaviramo kuzunguruka, kubabara umutwe, nibindi. Niba bidacunzwe neza, bizatera ubumuga bwubwonko mubihe bikomeye.
Niba umurwayi ahumeka chlorine, agomba guhita asohoka hanze, ahantu hakonje, kandi akakira umwuka mwiza. Niba hari ibimenyetso nka dyspnea, agomba kwivuza mugihe.

3. Nigute twavura guhumeka chlorine?

1. Sohoka mubidukikije
Nyuma yo guhumekagaze ya chlorine, ugomba guhita wimura ibibaho hanyuma ukimukira ahantu hafunguye umwuka mwiza. Mugihe amaso cyangwa uruhu rwanduye, kwoza neza amazi cyangwa saline ako kanya. Abarwayi bahuye na gaze ya chlorine runaka bagomba kwivuza mugihe, bagakurikirana impinduka zubuhumekero, impiswi, n umuvuduko wamaraso, kandi bagaharanira gusesengura gazi hakiri kare no kwitegereza igituza X-ray.
2. Guhumeka umwuka wa ogisijeni
Gazi ya Chlorineirakaza inzira zubuhumekero zabantu, kandi irashobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere yubuhumekero, iherekejwe na hypoxia. Nyuma yo guhumeka gaze ya chlorine, guha umurwayi umwuka wa ogisijeni mugihe bishobora gufasha kunoza imiterere ya hypoxic no guhumeka umwuka.
3. Kuvura ibiyobyabwenge
Guhumeka gake ya chlorine birashobora gutera ikibazo cyubuhumekero. Niba umurwayi akomeje kugira ikibazo cyo mu muhogo, arashobora gukoresha imiti yo kuvura umwuka wa nebulisation nkuko byateganijwe na muganga, nko guhagarika budesonide, compound ipratropium bromide, nibindi, bishobora kunoza umuhogo. Irinde kuribwa mu nda. Niba bronchospasm ibaye, inshinge zinjiza glucose wongeyeho doxofylline. Abarwayi barwaye ibihaha bakeneye kuvurwa hakiri kare, bihagije, kandi mugihe gito hamwe na glucocorticoide ya adrenal, nka hydrocortisone, prednisone, methylprednisolone, na prednisolone. Niba amaso ahuye na chlorine, urashobora gukoresha ibitonyanga by'amaso ya chloramphenicol kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso, cyangwa utange 0.5% by'amaso ya cortisone n'amaso ya antibiotique. Niba aside y'uruhu yaka ibaho, 2% kugeza 3% ya sodium bicarbonate yumuti irashobora gukoreshwa muri compresses zitose.
4. Kwitaho buri munsi
Abarwayi barasabwa gukomeza umwanya uhagije wo kuruhuka hamwe nibidukikije bituje, bihumeka neza mugihe cyo gukira. Hitamo ibiryo byoroheje, bigogorwa, bifite intungamubiri nyinshi, urye imboga n'imbuto nyinshi, wirinde ibiryo birimo ibirungo, ubukonje, bikomeye, ibirungo byuzuye, kandi wirinde kunywa no kunywa itabi. Ugomba kandi gukomeza gutuza mumarangamutima kandi ukirinda guhangayika no guhangayika.

4. Nigute ushobora kuvana uburozi bwa chlorine mumubiri?

Iyo umubiri wumuntu uhumeka gaze ya chlorine, ntaburyo bwo kuyirukana. Irashobora kwihutisha ikwirakwizwa rya gaze ya chlorine kugirango irinde uburozi bwabantu. Abarwayi bahumeka chlorine bagomba guhita bajya ahantu hamwe n'umwuka mwiza, guceceka no gukomeza gushyuha. Niba amaso cyangwa uruhu bihuye n'umuti wa chlorine, kwoza neza n'amazi ako kanya. Abarwayi bafite imitsi myinshi bagomba kuruhukira mu buriri kandi bakareba amasaha 12 kugirango bahangane nibimenyetso bitunguranye.

5. Ni ibihe bimenyetso biranga uburozi bwa muntu?

Uburozi bwa gaze nabwo bwitwa uburozi bwa karubone. Uburozi bwa karubone monoxide ahanini butera hypoxia, kandi ibimenyetso byuburozi birashobora kuva mubworoheje bikabije. Abarwayi bafite uburozi bworoheje bagaragara cyane nko kubabara umutwe, kuzunguruka, isesemi, kuruka, guhinda umushyitsi, intege nke, gusinzira, ndetse no kutamenya ubwenge. Barashobora gukira vuba nyuma yo guhumeka umwuka mwiza badasize sequelae. Abarwayi bafite uburozi buringaniye ntibazi ubwenge, ntabwo byoroshye kubyuka, cyangwa na comatose yoroheje. Bamwe mu barwayi bahinduye isura, iminwa itukura ya Cherry, guhumeka bidasanzwe, umuvuduko w'amaraso, impiswi, ndetse n'umutima utera, bishobora gukira hamwe no kuvurwa neza, kandi muri rusange ntibisiga urukurikirane. Abarwayi bafite uburozi bukabije bakunze kuba muri koma ndende, kandi bamwe bari muri koma bafunguye amaso, kandi ubushyuhe bwumubiri wabo, guhumeka, umuvuduko wamaraso, hamwe numutima utera. Umusonga, kuribwa mu bihaha, kunanirwa mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, kunanirwa kw'impyiko, umutima utera umutima, infirasiyo ya myocardial, kuva amaraso gastrointestinal, n'ibindi nabyo bishobora kubaho icyarimwe.

6. Nigute dushobora guhangana na gaze y'ubumara?

1. Kuvura indwara

Nubwo uburozi bwangiza bwaba bwoko ki, ni ngombwa cyane guhita uva aho uburozi bwihuse, kwimurira umuntu uburozi ahantu hafite umwuka mwiza, no gukomeza inzira zubuhumekero. Mugihe uburozi bwa cyanide, ibice bishobora guhura bishobora gukaraba n'amazi menshi.

2. Kuvura ibiyobyabwenge

2. 5% sodium bicarbonate yumuti: ikoreshwa muguhumeka nebulisation nabarwayi bafite uburozi bwa gaze ya aside kugirango bagabanye ibimenyetso byubuhumekero.

3. 3% ya acide ya boric: ikoreshwa muguhumeka nebulize kubarwayi bafite ubumara bwa gaz alkaline kugirango bagabanye ibimenyetso byubuhumekero.

4. Igomba gukoreshwa witonze mubasaza n'abarwayi bafite umwijima n'impyiko. Abarwayi bafite umuvuduko ukabije wamaraso, metabolisme idasanzwe ya electrolyte, infarction myocardial, glaucoma, nibindi ntibakwiriye gukoreshwa.

5. Urwego rwa electrolyte rugomba gukurikiranirwa hafi mugihe diuretique ikoreshwa kugirango hirindwe ihungabana rya electrolyte cyangwa inyongera ya potasiyumu yinjira.

3. Ubuvuzi bwo kubaga

Uburozi bwa gaz bwangiza muri rusange ntibusaba kuvurwa, kandi tracheotomie irashobora gukoreshwa mugutabara abarwayi bafite umwuka.

4. Ubundi buvuzi

Hyperbaric ogisijene ivura: guhumeka umwuka wa ogisijeni kugirango wongere umuvuduko wigice cya ogisijeni muri gaze ihumeka. Abarwayi bafite comatose cyangwa bafite amateka ya koma, kimwe nabafite ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso byumutima nimiyoboro y'amaraso ndetse no kwiyongera cyane kwa karubasihemoglobine (muri rusange> 25%), bagomba guhabwa imiti ivura hyperbaric. kuvura. Hyperbaric ogisijene ivura irashobora kongera umwuka wa ogisijeni ushonga mu maraso kugira ngo ukoreshe ingirangingo n'ingirabuzimafatizo, kandi wongere umuvuduko wa ogisijeni wa alveolar igice, ushobora kwihutisha itandukanyirizo rya karubasihemoglobine no guteza imbere ikurwaho rya CO, kandi igipimo cyacyo cyo kuyikuramo cyihuta inshuro 10 kurenza ibyo nta guhumeka umwuka wa ogisijeni, byihuta inshuro 2 kurenza umuvuduko ukabije wa ogisijeni. Ubuvuzi bwa Hyperbaric ogisijeni ntibushobora kugabanya inzira yindwara gusa no kugabanya umubare wimpfu, ariko kandi bigabanya cyangwa birinda ko habaho gutinda kwa encephalopathie.

UMUTWE