Kodi ethylene oxide ndi chiyani?
Ethylene oxidendi organic pawiri ndi mankhwala formula C2H4O, amene ndi poizoni carcinogen ndipo kale ankagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga fungicides. Ethylene oxide ndi yoyaka komanso kuphulika, ndipo sikophweka kunyamula mtunda wautali, kotero ili ndi makhalidwe amphamvu achigawo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ochapira, opangira mankhwala, osindikizira ndi opaka utoto. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choyambira chotsuka m'mafakitale okhudzana ndi mankhwala.
Pa Okutobala 27, 2017, mndandanda wazinthu zowopsa zomwe zidatulutsidwa ndi International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organisation poyambilira zidapangidwa kuti zifotokozedwe, ndipo ethylene oxide idaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wamagulu amtundu woyamba.
2. Kodi ethylene oxide ndi yovulaza thupi la munthu?
Zowopsa,ethylene oxidendi madzi oonekera opanda mtundu pa kutentha kochepa, nthawi zambiri amasungidwa mu masilinda achitsulo, mabotolo a aluminiyamu osagwira ntchito kapena mabotolo agalasi, ndipo ndi chowuzira mpweya. Lili ndi mphamvu yamphamvu yolowera mpweya komanso mphamvu yophera mabakiteriya, ndipo limapha mabakiteriya, ma virus ndi mafangasi. Sichimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zambiri ndipo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pofukiza ubweya, zikopa, zipangizo zachipatala, ndi zina zotero. Nthunziyi idzayaka kapena kuphulika pamene ikuwonekera pamoto wotseguka. Zimawononga mpweya ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa m'mimba monga kusanza, nseru, ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ndi impso ndi hemolysis zimatha kuchitika. Kukhudzana kwambiri ndi khungu ndi ethylene oxide solution kumayambitsa ululu woyaka, komanso matuza ndi dermatitis. Kuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse khansa. Ethylene oxide ndi chinthu chakupha kwambiri m'miyoyo yathu. Tikamagwiritsa ntchito ethylene oxide popha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tiyenera kukhala ndi zida zodzitetezera. Tiyenera kusamala za chitetezo ndikuchigwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha ngati zinthu zina zakwaniritsidwa.
3. Chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati ethylene oxide yatenthedwa?
Litiethylene oxideakayaka, amayamba kuchita ndi mpweya kuti apange mpweya woipa ndi madzi. Zimene equation ndi motere: C2H4O + 3O2 -> 2CO2 + 2H2O Pankhani ya kuyaka wathunthu, kuyaka mankhwala ethylene okusayidi ndi carbon dioxide ndi madzi. Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yoyaka moto. Komabe, pamene kuyaka kosakwanira, carbon monoxide imapangidwanso. Mpweya wa carbon monoxide ndi wopanda mtundu, wopanda fungo ndipo ndi woopsa kwambiri m’thupi la munthu. Mpweya wa carbon monoxide ukalowa m'thupi la munthu, umaphatikizana ndi hemoglobini kuti uchepetse mpweya wa okosijeni m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale poizoni komanso imfa.
4. Kodi ethylene oxide muzinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku ndi chiyani?
Kutentha kwapakati, ethylene oxide ndi mpweya woyaka, wopanda mtundu wokhala ndi fungo lokoma. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mankhwala ena, kuphatikizapo antifreeze. Zochepa za ethylene oxide zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kutha kwa ethylene oxide kuwononga DNA kumapangitsa kuti ikhale bactericide yamphamvu, koma imatha kufotokozeranso ntchito yake ya carcinogenic.
Ethylene oxide ndi chinthu chosunthika chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikiza zotsukira m'nyumba, zinthu zosamalira anthu, nsalu ndi nsalu. Kugwiritsira ntchito pang'ono koma kofunika kwa ethylene oxide ndiko kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ethylene oxide imatha kuyimitsa zida zachipatala ndikuthandizira kupewa matenda ndi matenda.
5. Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zili ndi ethylene oxide?
M'dziko langa, kugwiritsa ntchito ethylene oxide pakupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuphatikizapo ayisikilimu ndikoletsedwa.
Kuti izi zitheke, dziko langa lapanganso mwapadera "GB31604.27-2016 National Food Safety Standard for the Determination of Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide in Plastics of Food Contact Materials and Products" kuti aziwongolera zomwe zili mu ethylene oxide muzonyamula. Ngati zinthuzo zikugwirizana ndi muyezo uwu, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa kuti chakudyacho chikuipitsidwa ndi ethylene oxide.
6. Kodi chipatala chimagwiritsa ntchito ethylene oxide?
Ethylene oxide, yomwe imatchedwa ETO, ndi mpweya wopanda mtundu womwe umakwiyitsa maso, khungu ndi kupuma kwa anthu. Mu otsika ndende, ndi carcinogenic, mutagenic, ubereki ndi mantha dongosolo zoipa. Fungo la ethylene oxide siliwoneka pansi pa 700ppm. Chifukwa chake, chowunikira cha ethylene oxide chimafunika kuti chiwunikire kwanthawi yayitali kuti chiteteze kuvulaza thupi la munthu. Ngakhale ntchito yaikulu ya ethylene oxide ndi ngati zopangira zambiri organic synthesis, ntchito ina yaikulu ndi mu disinfection zida m'zipatala. Ethylene oxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sterilizer ya zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi nthunzi komanso kutentha. Tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga maopaleshoni ochepa. Ngakhale njira zina zochotsera ETO, monga peracetic acid ndi hydrogen peroxide plasma gas, zimakhalabe zovuta, mphamvu zawo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndizochepa. Chifukwa chake, pakadali pano, kutseketsa kwa ETO kumakhalabe njira yosankha.
