Kodi klorini imachita chiyani m'thupi?
Mpweya wa chlorinendi mpweya woyambira, ndipo ndi mpweya wapoizoni kwambiri wokhala ndi fungo lamphamvu. Mukangokoka mpweya wa chlorine umayambitsa zizindikiro zakupha pang'ono m'thupi la munthu. Odwala ena akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga kutsokomola, kutsokomola pang'ono sputum, ndi chifuwa cholimba. The chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti, maso, mphuno, ndi mmero odwala akhoza kukondoweza ndimpweya wa chlorine. Pazovuta kwambiri, odwala amathanso kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga pachimake m'mapapo mwanga edema ndi chibayo. Kupuma kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mpweya wa klorini kudzafulumizitsa ukalamba wa anthu, ndipo ma radicals aulere m'thupi la munthu adzawonjezeka kwambiri.
Odwala ena amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga chifuwa chachikulu, edema ya m'mapapo, ndi dyspnea pambuyo pokoka mpweya wa chlorine. Mpweya wa chlorine wokha ndi mpweya wachikasu komanso wapoizoni. Pambuyo pokoka mpweya, zimayambitsanso kuwonongeka kwa khungu la munthu ndi chiwindi, komanso zidzawonjezera mwayi wa odwala khansa. Kuchulukirachulukira, mapapu a wodwalayo adzawoneka owuma rales kapena kupuma.
Ngati wodwala ali ndi dyspnea, chifuwa cha paroxysmal, expectoration, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, cyanosis yochepa ndi zina zosasangalatsa pambuyo pokoka mpweya wa chlorine, ayenera kupita kuchipatala mwamsanga kuti asatenge mpweya wambiri wa chlorine, zomwe zingapangitse kuti awonongeke kwambiri. ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamkati za wodwalayo Zimayika moyo pachiwopsezo, ndipo ngati simupeza chithandizo chamankhwala munthawi yake. zidzabweretsa mavuto aakulu monga kulemala kwa moyo wa wodwalayo.
Odwala omwe amakoka mpweya wa chlorine angathandize kuchepetsa thupi mwa kumwa mkaka wambiri, ndipo wodwalayo ayenera kusamutsidwira kumalo okhala ndi mpweya wabwino kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino. Zinthu zimakokedwa ndi nebulization, ndipo odwala omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zoopsa za poizoni amatha kusankha adrenal glucocorticoids kuti athandizire kukonza zinthu atalandira chithandizo chamankhwala.
Kukoka chlorine kumatha kuwononga ubongo ndipo kumafuna mgwirizano wokhazikika kuti uwongolere.
Kukoka mpweyampweya wa chlorinendi mtundu wa gasi wosavuta, womwenso ndi fungo lamphamvu lokwiyitsa komanso mpweya wapoizoni kwambiri. Ngati atakowetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, zingayambitse zizindikiro za poizoni m'thupi la munthu, ndipo zimawonetsa zizindikiro monga chifuwa ndi chifuwa. Ngati si ankachitira bwino ndi Kupititsa patsogolo, n'zosavuta chifukwa kuphwanya kwa maselo a ubongo, ndipo mwina kuwononga ubongo misempha, chifukwa mu chizungulire, mutu, etc.
Wodwala akakoka mpweya wa chlorine, amafunikira kutuluka panja mwamsanga, pamalo ozizira, ndi kukamwa mpweya wabwino. Ngati pali zizindikiro monga dyspnea, ayenera kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala panthawi yake.
3. Kodi kuchitira chlorine inhalation?
1. Chokani m'malo owopsa
Pambuyo pokoka mpweyampweya wa chlorine, muyenera kuchoka pamalopo nthawi yomweyo ndikupita kumalo otseguka ndi mpweya wabwino. Ngati diso kapena khungu laipitsidwa, muzimutsuka bwino ndi madzi kapena saline nthawi yomweyo. Odwala omwe ali ndi mpweya wochuluka wa chlorine ayenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yake, kuyang'anira kusintha kwa kupuma, kugunda, ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi kuyesetsa kuti ayambe kufufuza mpweya wamagazi ndi kuyang'anitsitsa chifuwa cha X-ray.
2. Kukoka mpweya wa okosijeni
Mpweya wa chlorineimakwiyitsa kupuma kwa anthu, ndipo ingakhudze ntchito ya kupuma, limodzi ndi hypoxia. Pambuyo pokoka mpweya wa chlorine, kupereka mpweya wabwino kwa wodwalayo panthawi yake kungathandize kusintha mkhalidwe wa hypoxic ndikutsegula njira yodutsa mpweya.
3. Chithandizo cha mankhwala
Kukoka mpweya wochepa wa klorini kungayambitse kupuma. Ngati wodwalayo akupitirizabe kukhala ndi vuto la pakhosi, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a nebulization inhalation monga momwe adokotala amanenera, monga kuyimitsidwa kwa budesonide, ipratropium bromide, etc. Kuteteza laryngeal edema. Ngati bronchospasm ichitika, jakisoni wa glucose ndi doxofylline angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Odwala omwe ali ndi edema yam'mapapo amafunikira chithandizo choyambirira, chokwanira, komanso chanthawi yochepa ndi ma adrenal glucocorticoids, monga hydrocortisone, prednisone, methylprednisolone, ndi prednisolone. Ngati m'maso muli ndi chlorine, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito madontho a m'maso a chloramphenicol kuti muchepetse zizindikiro, kapena mupatseni 0.5% madontho a m'maso a cortisone ndi ma antibiotic a m'maso. Ngati zilonda za asidi pakhungu zilipo, 2% mpaka 3% sodium bicarbonate solution ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popondereza konyowa.
4. Chisamaliro cha tsiku ndi tsiku
Odwala amalangizidwa kuti azikhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yopuma komanso malo opanda phokoso, mpweya wabwino panthawi yochira. Sankhani zakudya zopepuka, zogayidwa, zopatsa thanzi, idyani masamba ndi zipatso zambiri, pewani zokometsera, zozizira, zolimba, zoziziritsa kukhosi, ndipo pewani kumwa ndi kusuta. Muyeneranso kukhala okhazikika m'maganizo ndikupewa kupsinjika maganizo ndi nkhawa.
4. Momwe mungachotsere poizoni wa chlorine m'thupi?
Thupi la munthu likakoka mpweya wa chlorine, palibe njira yoti utulutse. Ikhoza kufulumizitsa kutaya kwa mpweya wa klorini kuti apewe kupha anthu. Odwala omwe amakoka chlorine ayenera kupita kumalo komwe kuli mpweya wabwino, kukhala chete ndi kutentha. Ngati maso kapena khungu lakhudzana ndi mankhwala a chlorine, muzimutsuka bwino ndi madzi nthawi yomweyo. Odwala omwe ali ndi minofu yambiri ayenera kupuma pabedi ndikuyang'anitsitsa kwa maola 12 kuti athe kuthana ndi zizindikiro zadzidzidzi.
5. Kodi zizindikiro zakupha kwa mpweya wa anthu ndi zotani?
Poyizoni wa mpweya umatchedwanso poizoni wa carbon monoxide. Poizoni wa carbon monoxide makamaka amatsogolera ku hypoxia, ndipo zizindikiro za poizoni zimatha kukhala zofatsa mpaka zowopsa. Odwala ndi wofatsa poyizoni makamaka kusonyeza monga mutu, chizungulire, nseru, kusanza, palpitation, kufooka, kugona, ndipo ngakhale chikomokere. Amatha kuchira msanga atapuma mpweya wabwino popanda kusiya ma sequelae. Odwala omwe ali ndi poyizoni pang'ono amakhala chikomokere, sichapafupi kudzuka, kapena kukomoka pang'ono. Odwala ena nkhope, chitumbuwa kufiira milomo, kupuma kwachilendo, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi kugunda kwa mtima, zomwe zingathe kuchira ndi chithandizo chogwira ntchito, ndipo nthawi zambiri samasiya zotsatira zake. Odwala omwe ali ndi poyizoni kwambiri kaŵirikaŵiri amakomoka kwambiri, ndipo ena amakhala ali chikomokere ndi maso otseguka, ndipo kutentha kwa thupi, kupuma, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi kugunda kwa mtima sikumakhala kwachilendo. Chibayo, m`mapapo mwanga edema, kupuma kulephera, aimpso kulephera, mtima arrhythmia, m`mnyewa wamtima infarction, m`mimba magazi, etc. angathenso kuchitika nthawi imodzi.
6. Kodi mungatani ndi mpweya wapoizoni?
1. Chithandizo cha Etiological
Ziribe kanthu kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa poizoni wa gasi wovulaza, ndikofunika kwambiri kuchoka pamalo omwe ali ndi poizoni nthawi yomweyo, kusamutsa munthu wakuphayo kumalo a mpweya wabwino, ndikusunga njira yopuma yopuma. Pakakhala poizoni wa cyanide, ziwalo zolumikizira zimatha kutsukidwa ndi madzi ambiri.
2. Chithandizo cha mankhwala
1. Phenytoin ndi phenobarbital: Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za neuropsychiatric, mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kupewa kugwedezeka, kupeŵa kulumidwa ndi lilime pamene akugwedezeka, komanso kulamulira odwala matenda a chiwindi, mphumu ndi matenda a shuga ayenera kukhala olemala.
2. 5% sodium bicarbonate solution: ntchito nebulization inhalation ndi odwala asidi mpweya poyizoni kuthetsa zizindikiro kupuma.
3. 3% boric acid njira: ntchito nebulized inhalation odwala ndi mpweya mpweya poyizoni kuthetsa zizindikiro kupuma.
4. Glucocorticoids: Pakutsokomola pafupipafupi, kupuma movutikira, kukakamira pachifuwa ndi zizindikiro zina, dexamethasone angagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo antispasmodic, expectorant, ndi anti-infective mankhwala ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakafunika. Iwo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala okalamba ndi odwala mkhutu chiwindi ndi impso ntchito. Odwala omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kusokonezeka kwa electrolyte metabolism, myocardial infarction, glaucoma, ndi zina zotero nthawi zambiri sizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
5. Hypertonic dehydrating agents ndi diuretics: monga furosemide ndi torasemide pofuna kupewa ndi kuchiza edema ya ubongo, kulimbikitsa kufalikira kwa magazi mu ubongo, ndi kusunga ntchito za kupuma ndi kuzungulira. Miyezo ya electrolyte iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala mukamagwiritsa ntchito okodzetsa kuti mupewe kusokonezeka kwa electrolyte kapena kulowetsedwa kwa potaziyamu panthawi imodzi.
3. Chithandizo cha opaleshoni
Kupha poizoni wa gasi nthawi zambiri sikufuna chithandizo cha opaleshoni, ndipo tracheotomy ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito populumutsa odwala omwe akusowa mpweya.
4. Mankhwala ena
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: kutulutsa mpweya wabwino kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ya okosijeni mu mpweya wopumira. Odwala omwe ali ndi chikomokere kapena mbiri ya chikomokere, komanso omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za mtima wamtima komanso kuchuluka kwambiri kwa carboxyhemoglobin (nthawi zambiri> 25%), ayenera kupatsidwa chithandizo cha okosijeni cha hyperbaric. chithandizo. Hyperbaric okosijeni mankhwala akhoza kuonjezera thupi kusungunuka mpweya m'magazi ntchito minofu ndi maselo, ndi kuonjezera alveolar mpweya pang'ono kuthamanga, amene akhoza imathandizira dissociation wa carboxyhemoglobin ndi kulimbikitsa kuchotsedwa kwa CO, ndi chilolezo chake mlingo ndi 10 nthawi mofulumira. kuposa kuti popanda mpweya wopuma , 2 nthawi mofulumira kuposa kupanikizika kwabwino kwa mpweya. Chithandizo cha okosijeni cha hyperbaric sichingafupikitse njira ya matendawa ndikuchepetsa kufa, komanso kuchepetsa kapena kuletsa kuchitika kwa kuchedwa kwa encephalopathy.
