Hydrogen, dị ka ihe na-ebu ike dị ọcha ma na-agbanwe agbanwe, enwetala nlebara anya dị ukwuu ka ụwa na-achọ mgbanwe gaa na isi mmalite ike na-adigide. Otu n'ime isi ihe dị mkpa maka ijikwa ike nke hydrogen bụ usoro mmepụta ihe. Enwere ọtụtụụdị nke mmepụta hydrogenusoro, nke ọ bụla nwere uru na ihe ịma aka ya pụrụ iche. N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-enyocha ụzọ dị iche iche nke mmepụta hydrogen ma banye n'ime àgwà ha.

1. Steam Methane Reforming (SMR)

Ndozigharị methane Steam bụ usoro a na-ahụkarị maka mmepụta hydrogen, na-aza ihe dịka 95% nke ọkọnọ hydrogen zuru ụwa ọnụ. Usoro a gụnyere iji uzuoku na-ekpo ọkụ meghachi omume gas sitere n'okike iji mepụta hydrogen na carbon monoxide. A na-edozizi ngwakọta nke na-esi na ya pụta iji nweta hydrogen dị ọcha. A na-akwado SMR maka ịrụ ọrụ ya na ọnụ ahịa ya, ma ọ dị mkpa iburu n'obi na ọ bụghị usoro na-anọghị na carbon, n'ihi na ọ na-ebute ntọhapụ nke carbon dioxide.

2. Electrolysis

Electrolysis bụ usoro na-eji ọkụ eletrik kewaa mmiri n'ime hydrogen na oxygen. E nwere ụdị isi abụọ nke electrolysis: alkaline electrolysis na proton Exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis. A na-eji alkaline electrolysis eme ihe ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ ma mara ya maka ntụkwasị obi ya, ebe PEM electrolysis na-enweta traction n'ihi ikike ya maka ịrụ ọrụ dị elu na mgbanwe. Enwere ike ịkwado electrolysis site na isi mmalite ume ọhụrụ, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ isi ihe na-agba mbọ maka mmepụta hydrogen na-adigide.

3. Gasification biomass

Gasị gas nke biomass gụnyere ịtụgharị ihe ndị sitere n'okike dị ka ibe osisi, ihe fọdụrụ n'ọrụ ugbo, ma ọ bụ ihe mkpofu ka ọ bụrụ ngwakọta gas (syngas) site na usoro thermochemical. Enwere ike gbanwee syngas ka ọ mepụta hydrogen. Biomass gasification na-enye uru nke iji ihe mkpofu ahịhịa ma nwee ike inye aka na mbenata ikuku ikuku griin ha mgbe ejiri ya nke ọma. Agbanyeghị, ọ chọrọ nleba anya nke ọma maka nnweta nri nri na ihe ịma aka mgbagha.

4. Photobiological Water Splitting

Uzo ohuru ohuru a na-eji microorganisms photosynthetic ma obu nje bacteria emeputara iji mee ka ìhè nwuo wee mee ka mmiri ghọọ hydrogen na oxygen. Mgbe ọ ka nọ na mmalite mmalite nke mmepe, nkewa mmiri fotobiological na-ekwe nkwa maka mmepụta hydrogen na-adịgide adịgide na mmeghari ohuru. Nnyocha n'ọhịa a na-elekwasị anya n'ịkwalite arụmọrụ na scalability nke usoro iji mee ka ọ bụrụ azụmahịa.

5. Thermochemical Water Splitting

Nkewa mmiri nke thermochemical gụnyere iji okpomọkụ dị elu gbarie mmiri n'ime hydrogen na oxygen site na usoro mmeghachi omume kemịkal. Usoro a na-ejikarị ike anyanwụ gbadoro anya ma ọ bụ ebe ikpo ọkụ ndị ọzọ iji chụba usoro a. Nkewa mmiri nke thermochemical nwere ike ijikọ ya na sistemu ike mmeghari ohuru ma nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ na-aga n'ihu, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ mpaghara nyocha na-arụsi ọrụ ike maka mmepụta hydrogen na-adigide.

6. Nrụpụta Hydrogen Nuklia

Enwere ike iji ike nuklia mepụta hydrogen site na oke ọkụ eletrik ma ọ bụ usoro thermochemical. Enwere ike iji uzuoku na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke ndị na-emepụta ngwá agha nuklia na-emepụta na electrolysis nke uzuoku, ebe okpomọkụ nuklia nwere ike ime ka mmiri thermochemical kewaa. Mmepụta hydrogen nuklia na-enye uru nke nrụpụta ike na-agbanwe agbanwe na ntụkwasị obi na-enweghị ikuku ikuku griin haus, mana ọ na-ebulikwa echiche gbasara nchekwa na njikwa mkpofu.

N'ikpeazụ, ụzọ dị iche iche nke mmepụta hydrogen na-enye ohere dị iche iche iji gboo mkpa na-eto eto maka ike dị ọcha. Ụzọ nke ọ bụla na-egosi uru na ihe ịma aka nke ya, nyocha na ihe ọhụrụ na-aga n'ihu dị mkpa maka ịkwalite usoro ndị a na ịga n'ihu na mmepụta hydrogen na-adigide n'ogo. Ka elekwasị anya zuru ụwa ọnụ na decarbonization na-abawanye, ọrụ nke hydrogen dị ka isi ihe na-eme ka mgbanwe ike dị ọcha ga-esiwanye ike, na-ebute ọganihu na teknụzụ mmepụta hydrogen.