He aha ka ethylene oxide?
Ethylene oxidehe mea hoʻohuihui mea ola me ke ʻano kemika C2H4O, ʻo ia ka mea make make ʻawaʻawa a ua hoʻohana mua ʻia e hana i nā fungicides. ʻO ka Ethylene oxide he mea lapalapa a pahū, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka lawe ʻana ma kahi lōʻihi, no laila he mau hiʻohiʻona ʻāpana ikaika. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka holoi ʻana, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka paʻi ʻana a me nā ʻoihana kala. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaka no nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻoihana pili kemika.
Ma ʻOkakopa 27, 2017, ua hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia ka papa inoa o nā carcinogens i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization no ka ʻike ʻana, a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka ethylene oxide i ka papa inoa o nā carcinogens Class 1.
2. He mea ino anei ka ethylene oxide i ke kino o ke kanaka?
pōʻino,ethylene oxidehe wai alohilohi waihoʻoluʻu ʻole i ka wela haʻahaʻa, mālama pinepine ʻia i loko o nā pahu kila, nā ʻōmole alumini kū i ke kaomi a i ʻole nā ʻōmole aniani, a he mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe kinoea. Loaʻa iā ia ka mana komo kino kino a me ka mana bactericidal ikaika, a he hopena pepehi maikaʻi i ka maʻi bacteria, nā maʻi a me nā haʻi. ʻAʻole ia e hōʻino i ka hapa nui o nā mea a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka fumigation o ka hulu, ka ʻili, nā mea lapaʻau, a pēlā aku. He mea ʻino ia i ka ʻōpū hanu a hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā hopena o ka ʻōpū e like me ka luaʻi, nausea, a me ka maʻi maʻi. Hiki ke poino i ka hana o ka ate a me ka pu'ikini a me ka hemolysis. ʻO ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻili me ka ethylene oxide solution e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻeha wela, a me nā ʻōpala a me nā dermatitis. Hiki i ka ʻike lōʻihi ke kumu i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO ka Ethylene oxide kahi mea ʻawaʻawa loa i ko mākou ola. Ke hoʻohana mākou i ka ethylene oxide no ka disinfection, pono mākou e lako me nā mea pale. Pono mākou e makaʻala i ka palekana a hoʻohana wale i ka wā e hoʻokō ʻia ai kekahi mau kūlana.
3. He aha ka hopena inā pau ka ethylene oxide?
I ka manawaethylene oxidekuni, hana mua ia me ka oxygen e hana i carbon dioxide a me ka wai. Penei ka hoohalike pane: C2H4O + 3O2 -> 2CO2 + 2H2O I ka pau ana o ka puhi ana, o na hua kuni o ka ethylene oxide he kalapona a me ka wai wale no. He kaʻina hoʻohūhū maʻalahi kēia. Eia naʻe, i ka hihia o ka hoʻopau ʻole ʻana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka carbon monoxide. ʻO ka carbon monoxide he kinoea kala ʻole a ʻala ʻole i mea ʻawaʻawa loa i ke kino o ke kanaka. Ke komo ka carbon monoxide i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka, e hui pū ia me ka hemoglobin e hoʻemi i ka ʻike o ka oxygen i loko o ke koko, a hiki i ka make a me ka make.
4. He aha ka ethylene oxide i nā huahana o kēlā me kēia lā?
Ma ka lumi wela, ʻo ka ethylene oxide he kinoea lapalapa ʻole me ka ʻala ʻono. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka hana ʻana i nā kemika ʻē aʻe, me ka antifreeze. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi o ka ethylene oxide e like me nā pesticides a me nā disinfectants. ʻO ka hiki o ka ethylene oxide e hoʻopōʻino i ka DNA e lilo ia i mea bactericide ikaika, akā hiki ke wehewehe i kāna hana carcinogenic.
ʻO ka Ethylene oxide kahi pūhui maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā huahana kemika ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻano hana ʻenehana a me nā huahana mea kūʻai aku i kēlā me kēia lā, me nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe hale, nā huahana mālama pilikino, a me nā lole a me nā textiles. ʻO kahi hoʻohana liʻiliʻi akā koʻikoʻi o ka ethylene oxide i ka disinfection o nā mea lapaʻau. Hiki i ka Ethylene oxide ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā mea lapaʻau a kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka maʻi.
5. He aha nā meaʻai i loaʻa i ka ethylene oxide?
I koʻu ʻāina, ua pāpā loa ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ethylene oxide no ka disinfection meaʻai me ka ice cream.
I kēia hopena, ua hoʻokumu kūikawā koʻu ʻāina i ka "GB31604.27-2016 National Food Safety Standard no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka Ethylene Oxide a me ka Propylene Oxide i loko o nā Plastics of Food Contact Materials and Products" e hoʻoponopono i ka ʻike o ka ethylene oxide i loko o nā mea paʻi. Inā kū ka mea i kēia maʻamau, ʻaʻohe pono e hopohopo e pili ana i ka meaʻai i haumia ʻia e ka ethylene oxide.
6. Hoʻohana anei ka haukapila i ka ethylene oxide?
ʻO ka Ethylene oxide, i kapa ʻia ʻo ETO, he kinoea kala ʻole e hoʻonāukiuki i nā maka kanaka, ka ʻili a me ka ʻōpū hanu. I nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, he carcinogenic, mutagenic, reproductive a me nā ʻōnaehana nerve. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka ʻala o ka ethylene oxide ma lalo o 700ppm. No laila, koi ʻia kahi mea ʻike ethylene oxide no ka nānā ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi o kona neʻe ʻana e pale aku i ka pōʻino i ke kino kanaka. ʻOiai ʻo ka noi mua ʻana o ka ethylene oxide ma ke ʻano he mea maka no ka nui o ka synthesis organik, ʻo kekahi noi nui i ka disinfection o nā mea hana i nā halemai. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Ethylene oxide ma ke ʻano he sterilizer no ka mahu a me nā mea wela. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kaʻina hana ʻokiʻoki liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka ETO, e like me ka peracetic acid a me ka hydrogen peroxide plasma gas, e noho pilikia ana, ua kaupalena ʻia ko lākou pono a me ka hoʻohana ʻana. No laila, i kēia manawa, ʻo ETO sterilization ke ʻano o ke koho.
