me yasa ake amfani da ruwa nitrogen a cikin cryopreservation?
1. Me yasa ake amfani da nitrogen ruwa a matsayin mai sanyi?
1. Saboda zafin jiki nanitrogen ruwaita kanta ba ta da yawa, amma yanayinta yana da laushi sosai, kuma yana da wahala ga ruwa nitrogen ya sami halayen sinadarai, don haka galibi ana amfani dashi azaman refrigerant.
2.Liquid nitrogenvaporizes don ɗaukar zafi, rage zafin jiki, kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman refrigerant.
3. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da ammonia azaman refrigerant da ruwa azaman abin sha.
4. Ana sanyaya iskar ammonia ta hanyar na'ura don zama ruwa ammonia, sannan kuma ruwan ammoniya ya shiga cikin evaporator don ƙafe, kuma a lokaci guda yana ɗaukar zafi daga waje don cimma manufar refrigeration, ta haka ne ke samar da refrigeration mai ci gaba da yadawa. sake zagayowar.
5. Ana iya amfani da Nitrogen azaman refrigerant a cikin yanayin "cryogenic", wato, kusa da cikakkiyar digiri 0 (-273.15 digiri Celsius), kuma ana amfani dashi gabaɗaya a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje don nazarin superconductivity.
6. A cikin magani, ana amfani da ruwa nitrogen a matsayin mai sanyaya don yin ayyuka a ƙarƙashin cryoanesthesia.
7. A cikin babban fasaha na fasaha, ana amfani da nitrogen na ruwa sau da yawa don ƙirƙirar yanayin zafi. Misali, wasu abubuwan da suka fi dacewa suna samun kyawawan kaddarorin a cikin ƙananan yanayin zafi bayan an yi musu magani da nitrogen na ruwa.
8. Zazzabi a ƙarƙashin matsi na al'ada na nitrogen na ruwa shine -196 digiri, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman tushen sanyi mai ƙarancin zafi. Karancin zafin murkushe tayoyin, adana kwayoyin halitta a asibitoci, da sauransu duk suna amfani da ruwa nitrogen a matsayin tushen sanyi.
2. Ta yaya ruwa nitrogen ke adana sel?
Dabarar da aka fi amfani da ita don adanar ƙwayoyin salula ita ce hanyar cryopreservation na ruwa nitrogen, wanda galibi yana ɗaukar hanyar daskarewa a hankali tare da adadin da ya dace na wakili na kariya don daskare sel.
Lura: Idan sel ɗin sun daskare kai tsaye ba tare da ƙara wani wakili na kariya ba, ruwa a ciki da wajen sel zai samar da lu'ulu'u na kankara da sauri, wanda zai haifar da mummunan sakamako. Misali, rashin ruwa na sel yana kara yawan adadin electrolyte na gida, yana canza darajar pH, kuma yana lalata wasu sunadaran saboda dalilai na sama, yana haifar da tsarin sararin samaniya na cikin tantanin halitta ya lalace. Yana haifar da lalacewa, kumburin mitochondrial, asarar aiki, da hargitsi na metabolism na makamashi. Har ila yau, hadadden lipoprotein da ke kan membrane na tantanin halitta yana da sauƙi a lalata, yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin iyawar ƙwayar tantanin halitta da asarar abin da ke cikin tantanin halitta. Idan an sami ƙarin lu'ulu'u na kankara a cikin sel, yayin da zafin jiki na daskarewa ya ragu, ƙarar lu'ulu'u na kankara zai faɗaɗa, yana haifar da lalacewar da ba za a iya jurewa ba ga yanayin sararin samaniya na DNA na nukiliya, yana haifar da mutuwar tantanin halitta.
Latent da zafi mai ma'ana da ruwa na nitrogen ke sha a cikin hulɗa da abinci yana sa abincin ya daskare. Ana fitar da nitrogen mai ruwa daga cikin akwati, ba zato ba tsammani ya canza zuwa yanayin zafi da matsa lamba, kuma yana canzawa daga ruwa zuwa yanayin gaseous. A lokacin wannan tsari canji lokaci, ruwa nitrogen tafasa da kuma evaporates a -195.8 ℃ ya zama gaseous nitrogen, da latent zafi na evaporation ne 199 kJ/kg; idan -195.8 Lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa -20 ° C a ƙarƙashin nitrogen a matsa lamba na yanayi, zai iya ɗaukar 183.89 kJ / kg na zafi mai ma'ana (ana ƙididdige ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin zafi a matsayin 1.05 kJ / (kg? K)), wanda aka shafe ta. zafi na vaporization da m zafi sha a lokacin ruwa nitrogen lokaci canji tsari. Zafin zai iya kaiwa 383 kJ/kg.
A cikin daskarewar abinci, saboda yawan zafin rana ana ɗaukarsa nan take, zazzabin abincin yana da saurin sanyi daga waje zuwa ciki don daskare. Fasaha mai saurin daskarewa ta ruwa tana amfani da nitrogen ruwa azaman tushen sanyi, wanda ba shi da lahani ga muhalli. Idan aka kwatanta da injina na gargajiya na gargajiya, zai iya cimma ƙananan zafin jiki da ƙimar sanyaya mafi girma. Fasaha mai saurin daskarewa ta nitrogen tana da saurin daskarewa, ɗan gajeren lokaci, kuma Abincin yana da inganci, babban aminci kuma ba shi da ƙazanta.
An yi amfani da fasaha mai saurin daskarewa ta nitrogen a cikin saurin daskarewa na samfuran ruwa kamar jatan lande, whitebait, kaguwar halitta, da abalone. Nazarin ya nuna cewa shrimp da aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar fasahar ruwa ta nitrogen mai saurin daskarewa na iya kula da sabo, launi da dandano. Ba wannan kadai ba, ana iya kashe wasu ƙwayoyin cuta ko kuma su daina haifuwa a ƙananan zafin jiki don samun ƙarin tsaftar da ake buƙata.
Cryopreservation: Liquid nitrogen za a iya amfani da cryopreservation na daban-daban nazarin halittu samfurori, kamar sel, kyallen takarda, serum, maniyyi, da dai sauransu Wadannan samfurori za a iya adana na dogon lokaci a low zafin jiki da kuma mayar da su zuwa ga asali jihar lokacin da ake bukata. Ruwan nitrogen cryopreservation hanya ce da aka saba amfani da ita, wacce galibi ana amfani da ita a cikin binciken ilimin halittu, aikin gona, kiwo da sauran fannoni.
Al'adun salula: Hakanan ana iya amfani da nitrogen mai ruwa don al'adun tantanin halitta. A lokacin al'adar tantanin halitta, ana iya amfani da nitrogen mai ruwa don adana sel don ayyukan gwaji na gaba. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da nitrogen mai ruwa don daskare sel don adana iyawarsu da kaddarorin halittu.
Ajiye tantanin halitta: Ƙananan zafin jiki na nitrogen na ruwa na iya kiyaye kwanciyar hankali da amincin sel, yayin da yake hana tsufa da mutuwa. Saboda haka, ana amfani da nitrogen mai ruwa sosai a cikin ajiyar tantanin halitta. Kwayoyin da aka adana a cikin ruwa nitrogen za a iya dawo dasu da sauri lokacin da ake buƙata kuma a yi amfani da su don gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na gwaji.
Aiwatar da sinadarin nitrogen na abinci kamar ruwa mai nitrogen ice cream, biscuits na ruwa nitrogen, daskarewa ruwa nitrogen da maganin sa barci a cikin magani shima yana buƙatar nitrogen ruwa mai tsafta. Sauran masana'antu irin su masana'antar sinadarai, lantarki, ƙarfe, da dai sauransu suna da buƙatu daban-daban don tsabtar nitrogen mai ruwa.
za ku iya sha ruwa carbon dioxide?
