Yaya ake shayar da iskar ammonia?
1. Ta yaya ake shayar da iskar ammonia?
Babban matsin lamba: matsanancin zafin jiki nagas ammoniayana da 132.4C, bayan wannan zafin ammonia gas ba shi da sauƙi a sha. Amma a ƙarƙashin yanayin matsin lamba, ammoniya za a iya shayar da ita ko da a yanayin zafi ƙasa da zafin jiki mai mahimmanci. A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, muddin matsa lamba ammonia ya wuce 5.6MPa, ana iya shayar da shi cikin ruwan ammonia.
Ƙananan zafin jiki: Idan aka kwatanta da sauran gas, ammoniya ya fi sauƙi a shayar da shi. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilan shi ne cewa matsanancin zafin jiki na ammonia yana da ƙananan ƙananan. Sabili da haka, iskar ammonia yana da sauƙin shayarwa a ƙananan zafin jiki. A daidaitaccen yanayin yanayi, wurin tafasa na ammonia yana da kusan 33.34 ° C, kuma a wannan yanayin, ammoniya ya riga ya kasance cikin yanayin ruwa.
A cikin iska mai tsananin zafin jiki, ana samun sauƙin haɗa ƙwayoyin ammonia tare da ƙwayoyin ruwa don samar da ruwan ammonia, wanda shine ruwa na gas ammonia.
Ƙarfafawa: Tsarin kwayoyin halitta na gas ammonia yana da sauƙi, ƙarfin da ke tsakanin kwayoyin halitta yana da rauni, kuma gas ammonia yana da matukar damuwa. Don haka, idan dai yanayin zafi da matsa lamba na iskar gas sun ragu sosai, ana iya shayar da iskar ammonia cikin sauƙi.
2. Me yasa ammoniya ta fi iska?
Ammoniya ba ta da yawa fiye da iska. Idan an san ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta wani gas, bisa ga girman ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, za ku iya yin hukunci da girmansa idan aka kwatanta da na iska. Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine 29. Yi ƙididdige yawan adadin kwayoyin halittar danginsa. Idan ya fi 29, yawan ya fi iska, idan kuma bai wuce 29 ba, yawancin ya fi iska.
3. Menene zai faru idan aka bar ammonia a cikin iska?
fashewa yana faruwa.Ammoniaruwa iskar gas ne mara launi tare da wari mai ban haushi kuma yana iya narkewa cikin ruwa. Yana iya fashewa lokacin da iska ta ƙunshi 20% -25% ammonia. Ruwan ammonia shine maganin ammoniya mai ruwa. Samfurin masana'antu ruwa ne mara launi da bayyananne tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙamshi mai ɗaci.
4. Nawa ne ammonia mai guba a cikin iska?
Lokacin da maida hankali na ammonia a cikin iska shine 67.2mg/m³, nasopharynx yana jin haushi; lokacin da maida hankali ya kasance 175 ~ 300mg / m³, hanci da idanu suna fushi a fili, kuma bugun zuciya na numfashi yana ƙaruwa; lokacin da maida hankali ya kai 350 ~ 700mg / m³, ma'aikata ba za su iya aiki ba; Lokacin da maida hankali ya kai 1750 ~ 4000mg / m³, yana iya zama barazanar rai.
5. Menene amfanin iskar ammonia?
1. Samar da ci gaban shuka: Ammoniya wani muhimmin tushen nitrogen da ake buƙata don haɓaka tsiro, wanda zai iya inganta haɓakar ƙasa da haɓaka girma da haɓaka shuka.
2. Samar da takin mai magani: Ammoniya wani abu ne mai mahimmanci don kera takin nitrogen. Bayan halayen sinadaran, ana iya sanya shi cikin ruwan ammonia, urea, ammonium nitrate da sauran takin zamani.
3. Refrigerant: Ammoniya yana da kyakkyawan aikin firiji kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin kera na'urori, kayan aiki na firiji da sauran filayen.
4. Detergent: Ana iya amfani da iskar ammonia don tsaftace gilashi, filaye na karfe, dafa abinci, da dai sauransu, kuma yana da ayyuka na lalata, deodorization, da sterilization.
6. Ta yaya masana'antar ammonia ke samar da ammonia?
1. Samar da Ammoniya ta hanyar Haber:
N2(g)+3H2(g)⇌2NH3(g) △rHθ=-92.4kJ/mol (yanayin amsa shine babban zafin jiki, matsa lamba, mai kara kuzari)
2. Samar da ammonia daga iskar gas: iskar gas da farko ana desulfurized, sannan a samu canji na biyu, sannan kuma a gudanar da matakai kamar canjin carbon monoxide da cire carbon dioxide, don samun cakuda nitrogen-hydrogen, wanda har yanzu ya ƙunshi kusan 0.1% zuwa 0.3% na carbon monoxide da carbon dioxide (girma), bayan an cire shi ta hanyar methanation, ana samun iskar gas mai tsabta tare da ma'aunin molar hydrogen-to-nitrogen na 3, wanda aka matsa. ta kwampreso kuma ya shiga da'irar haɗin ammonia don samun samfurin ammonia. Tsarin samar da ammonia na roba ta amfani da naphtha azaman albarkatun kasa yayi kama da wannan tsari.
3. Samar da ammonia daga mai mai nauyi: Man mai ya haɗa da ragowar mai da aka samu daga matakai daban-daban na ci gaba, kuma ana iya amfani da hanyar oxidation ta hanyar samar da iskar gas na ammonia na roba. Tsarin samarwa ya fi sauƙi fiye da hanyar gyaran tururi na iskar gas, amma ana buƙatar na'urar rabuwar iska. Ana amfani da iskar oxygen da aka samar da sashin rabuwar iska don iskar gas mai nauyi, kuma ana amfani da nitrogen azaman albarkatun ƙasa don haɗin ammonia.
4. Ammoniya samar daga kwal (coke): gawayi kai tsaye gasification (duba kwal gasification) yana da hanyoyi daban-daban kamar yanayi matsa lamba kafaffen gado intermittent gasification, matsi oxygen-steam ci gaba da gasification, da dai sauransu Alal misali, a farkon Haber-Bosch tsari ga An yi amfani da haɗin ammonia, iska da tururi a matsayin wakilai na gasification don amsawa tare da coke a matsa lamba na al'ada da kuma yawan zafin jiki don samar da iskar gas tare da rabon molar. (CO+H2)/N2 na 3.1 zuwa 3.2, wanda ake kira Ga iskar ruwa mai ruwa. Bayan an wanke iskan mai ruwa da ruwa an cire shi, sai a je wurin ma’aikatar iskar gas, bayan an canza shi da carbon monoxide, a matse shi zuwa wani matsi, sai a wanke shi da ruwan da aka matsa don cire carbon dioxide, sannan a matsa shi da compressor. sannan a wanke da cuproammonia don cire dan kadan na carbon monoxide da carbon dioxide. , sa'an nan kuma aika zuwa ammoniya kira.
za ku iya sha ruwa carbon dioxide?
